Improving the efficiency of leaching of metals from ore raw materials

Abstract

Purpose. Improving the efficiency of leaching of metals from ore raw materials by justifying the parameters of underground mining and the introduction of integrated technology in combination with geotechnology, ensuring the rational use, protection of the subsurface and the environment during the development of reserves by combined geotechnological methods. Metology. The methods of generalization, analysis and evaluation of practical experience and scientific achievements in the field of geotechnology, theory and practice of explosive destruction of solid media, continuum mechanics, mathematical statistics, as well as research techniques of wave processes according to standard and new techniques of the leading experts of the world's advanced mining countries are described. Findings. The factors determining the leaching efficiency of metal ores, environmental and seismic safety are established and the parameters of the explosion are justified taking into account the size of an average linear piece of exploded ore mass, the area of an emanating surface and the seismic safety of protected objects (industrial buildings, residential buildings, the Ingul river underflow, Kropivnitsky, etc.). Originality. Recommended empirical dependence for the prediction of the oscillation speed on the reduced mass of charge per deceleration step in the explosive preparation of ore for underground leaching of metals for the field conditions of the form y = a ∙ b also the value of the permissible displacement rate of the soil at the base of the protected objects = 0.4 cm / s. Practical value. When non-conforming ores of deposits are involved in the production, their raw material base at operating mines can be increased 1.4–1.6 times. Keywords: mining technology, underground mining, metal leaching, environmental safety, efficiency.