Improving the coking resistance of Ni/Al2O3 modified by promoter (Ce, Zr, or Mg) under ethanol steam reforming: Perspective from growth sites of coking

Abstract

A series of nickel catalysts supported on Al2O3 that modified with Ce-, Zr-, and Mg-promoter were prepared via a sol-gel method and a subsequent impregnation method for the ethanol steam reforming reaction (ESR). The effect of promoters on the carbon deposition was focused. Compared with Ni/Al2O3 catalyst, the introduction of different promoters decreased the selectivity for CH2CH2 to different extent, especially, Ce-, Mg- containing catalysts completely suppressed the production of CH2CH2 for 30 h tested at 500 °C. And the medium and strong acid sites were confirmed as the major sites for CH2CH2 production. Encapsulation carbon derived from ethylene takes the primary responsibility for carbon deposition, and the formation of metal carbide is the other reason for causing carbon deposition. Among the tested catalysts, Ni/Mg–Al2O3 exhibited a better performance for anti-carbon, which was attributed to the blockage of medium and strong acid sites as well as the high Ni crystallinity.