Abstract
The temporal resolution of sub-relativistic ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) is generally limited by the radio frequency (RF) phase and amplitude jitter of the RF lenses that are used to compress the electron pulses. We theoretically show how to circumvent this limitation by using a combination of several RF compression cavities. We show that if powered by the same RF source and with a proper choice of RF field strengths, RF phases, and distances between the cavities, the combined arrival time jitter due to RF phase jitter of the cavities is cancelled at the compression point. We also show that the effect of RF amplitude jitter on the temporal resolution is negligible when passing through the cavity at a RF phase optimal for (de)compression. This will allow improvement of the temporal resolution in UED experiments to well below 100 fs.
Highlights
We show that if powered by the same radio frequency (RF) source and with a proper choice of RF field strengths, RF phases, and distances between the cavities, the combined arrival time jitter due to RF phase jitter of the cavities is cancelled at the compression point
We show that the effect of RF amplitude jitter on the temporal resolution is negligible when passing through the cavity at a RF phase optimal forcompression
A successful method to improve the temporal resolution in sub-relativistic pump-probe ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) experiments is the use of a resonant radio frequency (RF) cavity in the TM010 mode1–5 to compress electron pulses to the 100 fs range
Summary
A successful method to improve the temporal resolution in sub-relativistic pump-probe ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) experiments is the use of a resonant radio frequency (RF) cavity in the TM010 mode to compress electron pulses to the 100 fs range. In this way, single-shot UED has been demonstrated with 100 fs electron bunches.. The effect of amplitude instabilities can be minimized by operating the compression cavity at a RF phase for optimal (de)compression In this way, the temporal resolution can be improved substantially.
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