Abstract
Recent prolonged dry periods and lack of irrigation water have severely affected the productivity of coffee farms in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. This paper analyzes the efficiency of irrigation water use for Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) in the Lam Dong province. A Cobb–Douglas production function was used to determine coffee productivity’s response to the application of irrigation water and other production factors using data collected from 194 farmers, while the technical efficiency (TE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were analyzed using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The correlation of different factors to IWUE was determined using the Tobit model. The production function analysis using Cobb–Douglas shows that the volume of irrigation water, amount of working capital, labor, and farm size significantly influence coffee productivity. Indigenous farmers are more efficient in utilizing irrigation water than migrant farmers. The Tobit result indicates that farmers’ experience, education level, the distance of farm to water sources, security of access to water sources, extension contact, and credit access significantly affect IWUE. The study findings further suggest that mitigating water shortages in coffee farms require subregional and national policy support such as better access to credit and extension services, training, land management, and household-level efforts to improve farming practices through the application of appropriate technologies and traditional knowledge.
Highlights
VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; VNU University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños 4031, Philippines; Abstract: Recent prolonged dry periods and lack of irrigation water have severely affected the productivity of coffee farms in the Central Highlands of Vietnam
The amount of irrigation water used by indigenous farmers (4766.8 m3 ) was higher than that used by Kinh farmers
The current level of coffee output could still be attained even if the number of inputs used was reduced by 28% and 34% based on the variable return-to-scale (VRS) and constant return-to-scale specification (CRS), respectively
Summary
VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; VNU University of Economics and Business, Vietnam National University, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; College of Economics and Management, University of the Philippines Los Baños 4031, Philippines; Abstract: Recent prolonged dry periods and lack of irrigation water have severely affected the productivity of coffee farms in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. This paper analyzes the efficiency of irrigation water use for Robusta coffee (Coffea canephora) in the Lam Dong province. Douglas production function was used to determine coffee productivity’s response to the application of irrigation water and other production factors using data collected from 194 farmers, while the technical efficiency (TE) and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were analyzed using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The production function analysis using Cobb–Douglas shows that the volume of irrigation water, amount of working capital, labor, and farm size significantly influence coffee productivity. The study findings further suggest that mitigating water shortages in coffee farms require subregional and national policy support such as better access to credit and extension services, training, land management, and household-level efforts to improve farming practices through the application of appropriate technologies and traditional knowledge. The majority of Vietnam’s coffee-producing area is concentrated in the Central Highlands, with 95% of Robusta coffee planted mainly in the provinces of Dak Lak, Gia Lai, Kon Tum, and Lam Dong [4,5,6]
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