Abstract
A novel antipodal Vivaldi antenna with tapering serrated structure at the edges is proposed. Compared with traditional Vivaldi antennas without serrated structure, the gain of the designed antenna is significantly improved in the desired frequency band (4.5–7.5 GHz). In addition, a 2 × 2 Vivaldi antenna array with an orthorhombic structure is designed and fabricated to achieve a circular polarization (CP) characteristic. With this configuration, the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth of the array reaches about 42% with respect to the center frequency of 6 GHz and a high gain is achieved as well. The novel Vivaldi antenna and CP antenna array both have ultrawide band (UWB) and high-gain characteristics, which may be applied to the field of commercial communication, remote sensing, and so forth.
Highlights
The rapid development of wireless communication systems, including commercial or military communication, remote sensing, and various point-to-point links, has brought in the demand of ultrawide band (UWB) [1, 2] and high-gain antennas
As an essential part of a communication system, many kinds of antennas have been extensively studied since the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allocated the 3.1–10.6 GHz band to commercial purposes in 2002
Low cross polarization and highly directive patterns can be got through modifying the traditional Vivaldi antenna by exponentially tapering inner and outer edges [10]
Summary
The rapid development of wireless communication systems, including commercial or military communication, remote sensing, and various point-to-point links, has brought in the demand of ultrawide band (UWB) [1, 2] and high-gain antennas. Among existing high-gain UWB antennas, Vivaldi antennas possess some attractive properties including broad bandwidth, compactness, and highly directive patterns. A better radiation pattern is formed by introducing corrugated edges [5, 6]; the shape of the corrugated edges is very critical for design [7] This structure alters the phases of currents flowing along the outer part of the antenna substrate and changes the electric field at the edges of this substrate [8, 9]. The designed antenna promotes the gain from 9 dBi to 11.5 dBi in the desired frequency band (4.5–7.5 GHz). We focus on combining a 6 dB Wilkinson power divider through 2 × 2 array with orthorhombic structure to achieve a high-gain broadband directional circularly polarized antenna array. At last the 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth is up to 42% with respect to the center frequency at 6 GHz
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