Improvement of tools for specific prevention of avian salmonellosis

Abstract

Avian salmonellosis is an infectious disease that occurs in an acute or chronic form and can be caused by one or more species of the genus Salmonella. The source of infection is sick and diseased birds, which can be carriers of Salmonella for a long time, i.e. reservoirs for the pathogen. In addition to chickens, other poultry, especially waterfowl (geese, ducks), as well as pigeons, rodents (mice and rats), insects (cockroaches), domestic animals and humans are also sources of infection. All this leads to a persistent epizootic environmental disease associated with a high risk of Salmonella contamination of industrial poultry. The modern control system of salmonellosis infection should be based on an integrated approach and include not only the implementation of veterinary and sanitary rules and the use of effective therapeutic preparations, but also the use of specific prevention of avian salmonellosis (vaccination). The aim of the study was to conduct the research on the physicochemical and immunobiological properties of inactivated vaccine against avian salmonellosis produced using different oil adjuvants developed by ICTYO GROUP Corporation. Formaldehyde inactivated S. enteritidis culture and a range of adjuvants (ICTYOLANETM11, ICTYOLANETM19, ICTYOLANETM20 and ICTYOLANETM 21) were used to produce the vaccine samples. The vaccine samples were tested for sterility, stability and viscosity by conventional methods. Determination of reactogenicity and antigenic activity of the vaccines was carried out on 38-day-old young laying hens. Upon completion of the tests, the inactivated emulsion vaccine against avian salmonellosis produced using the ICTYOLANETM 11 adjuvant was found to have very high antigenic activity and residual reactogenicity. It is likely that after a series of tests to reduce the residual reactogenic properties of the vaccine by reducing the number of S. enteritidis microbial cells in a single immunizing dose it will be possible to obtain a non-reactogenic and effective preparation for the specific prevention of avian salmonellosis based on the ICTYOLANETM adjuvant.