Improvement of the ecological sustainability of short-termrotation under the aridization conditions

Abstract

Reducing the use of pesticides is one of the priorities of sustainable agriculture. Therefore, the use of crop rotation is an opportunity to increase the ecological sustainability of agroecosystems. In connection with global climate changes, it is necessary to study the issue of increasing the productivity of crop rotations in conditions with uneven precipitation during the growing season. The purpose of the study was to assess the efficiency of short-term rotation in terms of grain yield taking into account consideration the main agro-climatic factors, as well as to identify the possibility of using a pesticide-free technology for crops cultivation under the aridization conditions. The highest productivity of the studied crop rotations was in five-field and four-field crop rotations with the inclusion of legumes and slow sowing crops. The grain yield from one hectare of arable land was 1.70-1.81 tons with an average productivity of all the studied crop rotations of 1.54 tons. According to the results of long-term research, it has been established that in order to achieve the optimal efficiency of agroecocenosesduring climate aridization, it is necessary to sowcorn and grain sorghum, which can form stable yields in years different in meteorological conditions.