Abstract
Results of researches on development of substrate for input of meristems of grapes are provided to the culture of in vitro for the purpose of increase in their regenerative ability at improvement from chronic diseases. In the advanced environment in comparison with analogs the general content of macrosalts was reduced and their ratio taking into account consumption and features of their absorption from nutrient solution is optimized by grape plant. During tests of new substrate its efficiency for grapes grades from various environmental-geographical groups was established. Higher and stable percent of survival and regeneration of extremely small meristems, against the background of various modifications of copy-book of traditionally applied substrate of Murasige and Skuga is established.
Highlights
Input in the culture of in vitro, very difficult, labor-consuming and responsible operation
Its main complexity is that improvement from viruses and other chronic diseases most successfully happens when using extremely small size of the explant as which, as the most genetically stable object, most often use apical meristem
Further from the isolated apical meristem of the extreme small size, it is necessary to regenerate the whole plant
Summary
Input in the culture of in vitro, very difficult, labor-consuming and responsible operation. Further from the isolated apical meristem of the extreme small size (for grapes it is the sizes of ≈100 microns), it is necessary to regenerate the whole plant. For this purpose researchers developed bioprocessing methods which basis is creation of special sterile conditions (in vitro), for cultivation of the isolated explant on artificial substrate. To contain in such environment all main nutrients necessary for plants macro and microelements, carbon source (most often sucrose), in it assign some vitamins and amino acids, special part to phytohormones. Exogenous introduction of phytohormones is one of major factors the directing processes of morphogenesis of in vitro
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