Improvement of friable callus production of Boerhaavia paniculata Rich and the investigation of its lipid profile by GC/MS.

JOANNE M.M. SOUZA,STRAHILL BERKOV,ALBERDAN S. SANTOS

doi:10.1590/0001-3765201420130098

JOANNE M.M. SOUZA, STRAHILL BERKOV + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201420130098

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Abstract

In this study, a protocol to induce high amount of friable callus of Boerhaavia paniculata RICH and a lipidomics technique were applied to investigate the profile of lipids to relate to those present in the roots of this plant that presented anti-inflammatory activity in the crude hexane extract. The callus culture was induced from seeds in solidified Murashige and Skoog medium containing different amounts of glucose and different concentrations of 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. The explants were kept in a germination chamber at 30±2°C with a photoperiod of 16 h under light intensity of 27 µmol m-2 s-1 for 4 weeks. The best results for friable callus formation and development of the biomass were obtained in the treatment containing 2.26 µM 2.4-D and glucose (1.5 %; w/v). Lipidomics techniques were applied in hexane fraction showing higher concentrations of the steroids β-sitosterol (3.53 mg/100 g dc-dry cells), and fatty acids, especially 2-hydroxy-tetracosanoic acid (0.34 mg/100 g dc), eicosanoic acid (86.25 mg/100 g dc), stearic acid (420.83 mg/100 g dc), tetradecanoic acid (10.74 mg/100 g dc) and linoleic acid (100.61 mg/100 g dc). The lipid profile of callus versus that found in the roots of wild plant is described in this work.

Highlights

The culture of plant cells has emerged as a promising alternative for the production of plant metabolites in vitro, and this is because plant cellsPlant tissue culture represents a continuous effort to produce secondary metabolites under controlled conditions, favoring the attainment of higher amounts of active compounds, inducing and accumulating the metabolites of interest in JOANNE M.M
The best results were obtained with seed aseptically prepared and without tegument as explant, 1⁄2 MS in the culture medium, glucose as carbon source and coconut water as source of vitamins, amino acids and phitohormones
The wide application of coconut water in plant tissue culture is justified by its unique chemical composition, it has been widely used as a growth supplement of calli in the culture medium stimulating rapid amount of biomass and friability (Souza 2012)

Summary

Introduction

The culture of plant cells has emerged as a promising alternative for the production of plant metabolites in vitro, and this is because plant cellsPlant tissue culture represents a continuous effort to produce secondary metabolites under controlled conditions, favoring the attainment of higher amounts of active compounds, inducing and accumulating the metabolites of interest in JOANNE M.M. Since the beginning of the human history, plants have been the main sources of medicine and nowadays are widely used for more than 80% of the world population (Mhaskar et al 2010). This is because many plants produce metabolites with biological activities of great interest, and frequently, only the major metabolites produced by the organism that are more isolated because they have technical feasibility of being exploited and marketed as drugs, chemicals, fragrances, food additives and pesticides (Balandrin and Klocke 1988). Most of the active compounds in these species are usually found in low concentrations (Mulabagal and Tsay 2004), and to solve this problem several techniques have been developed (Jiao et al 2002, Van Ruth et al 2003), being the production of these metabolites in vitro one of the interesting alternative

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