Abstract
The temperature stability of standard resistors plays an important role in assuring the accuracy of resistance measurements that use resistance ratio bridges to calibrate standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRTs) on the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90). Therefore, during resistance measurements, the resistors are always kept in temperature controlled oil or air baths and enclosures to maintain a constant temperature. In order to achieve better temperature stability and reduce the effects of temperature fluctuations on the resistance of a standard resistor, an annular water heat pipe thermostat immersed in a mineral oil bath was developed to accommodate and stabilize a standard resistor. Also, the thermostat's performance was characterized. The results showed that the temperature stability of standard resistors was within 1 mK after using the heat pipe thermostat compared with that of 30 mK for the oil bath. Therefore, the temperature stability of standard resistors was improved by more than one order of magnitude, which was attributable to the good thermal self-regulating abilities of the water heat pipe.
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