Abstract
Device-to-device (D2D) communication is a key enabler to facilitate the realization of the Internet of Things in which direct communication between mobile users is allowed without the intervention of the base station. One of the most challenging issues in the D2D cellular network is a low-complexity and reliable initial synchronization. To solve this issue, an efficient joint detection of integer carrier frequency offset (IFO) and set information (SI) is proposed for D2D communication in a long term evolution (LTE) system. Unlike the conventional approach, the primary sidelink synchronization signal (PSSS) and secondary sidelink synchronization signal (SSSS) transmitted in the LTE-D2D system are used together to remove the effect of channel fading and symbol timing offset (STO). In addition, the conjugate property between two PSSS sequences is utilized. This design facilitates robust sequential detection of the IFO and SI without priori information on two synchronization signals when residual STO is present. It has been demonstrated that the inherent properties of the PSSS and SSSS sequences are effectively used for efficient cell search in the presence of residual STO, compared to existing methods.
Highlights
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been shown to be an efficient modulation technique in wireless communication systems due to its excellent bandwidth efficiency and resistance to channel impairments
The performance of the proposed sequential detector is evaluated using the system parameters designed for the Long term evolution (LTE)-D2D system with 5 MHz bandwidth and extended cyclic prefix (CP)
The conducted simulation results is based on the OFDM simulator implemented using Matlab, which uses the 3GPP LTE-D2D
Summary
Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has been shown to be an efficient modulation technique in wireless communication systems due to its excellent bandwidth efficiency and resistance to channel impairments. In the LTE-D2D network, it is a challenging task to maintain the synchronization especially for out-of-network coverage scenarios, wherein the D2D devices have to synchronize with each other To this end, the D2D device has to estimate symbol timing offset (STO) and carrier frequency offset (CFO) and to capture the sidelink identity [12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. The performance of these approaches is significantly degraded in the case when the IFO is present To solve this drawback, various differential correlation based PSSS detection schemes have been proposed in the frequency domain [21,22,23], wherein the IFO is estimated along with the PSSS. The differential correlation based method with low complexity has been presented in [27], wherein the joint detection problem of the IFO and SI is decoupled by utilizing the central-symmetric feature of the PSSS.
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