Improved fracture toughness of carbon fiber fabric/epoxy composite laminates using polyether sulfone fibers

Abstract

This study demonstrated that the addition of dissolvable polyether sulfone fibers to the interlaminar area of carbon fiber/epoxy composites can effectively increase the toughness with very high accuracy. Resin film infusion (RFI) is used to fabricate composite structures. RFI was applied to obtain polyether sulfone as an interleaf of chopped fibers between fabric piles of carbon fibers. The thermoplastic polyether sulfone fiber dissolved in the epoxy when it was cured at a high temperature. A phase-separated morphology with a polyether sulfone-rich secondary phase was formed during the curing process. Experimental results indicated that G Ic, which is the average value of Mode-I fracture toughness, was increased fivefold with the addition of 10 wt% polyether sulfone fiber (with respect to the gross content of the matrix). No detrimental effects were observed in other characteristics such as thermal stability, Young’s modulus, and tensile strength. In addition, the thermal and mechanical characteristics of neat epoxy–polyether sulfone blends were analyzed for comparison.