Abstract

Recent applications of modular multilevel converter (MMC) have posed various problems such as ac/dc grid faults, asymmetric operation conditions, ac grid voltage excessive harmonics, and ac circulating currents, which deteriorate the system's performance and also threaten the safe operation. In this article, an improved comprehensive control architecture of MMC is proposed to maintain a stable voltage control, eliminate harmonics in ac-side and circulating currents, and dc-bus voltage ripple under ac/dc grid faults and harmonic operation conditions. The proposed comprehensive control consists of improved hierarchical voltage control and repetitive controller-based arm current control. The improved hierarchical voltage control, including a novel negative-sequence current injection and dc-circulating current injection-based leg-averaging control and their seamlessly switching handling, enables the MMC to operate under various operating conditions, thereby producing the arm current reference for inner-loop control. The proposed repetitive controller-based arm current control can recognize the control of multifrequency components of arm current without separating positive-, negative- and zero-sequence current components of ac-side currents and circulating currents. Finally, the simulation and experimental studies of the three-phase MMC were carried out in detail, and the findings demonstrate the efficiency and merits of the proposed control method.

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