Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) due to their outstanding mechanical, thermal, chemical, and optical properties were utilized as a base material and were coated with polydopamine (PDA) (PDA@CNT) via the simple self-polymerization of dopamine (DA). Then, PDA@CNT coatings of up to five layers were examined for potential biomedical applications. The success of multiple coating of CNTs with PDA was confirmed via increased weight loss values with the increased number of PDA coatings of CNTs at 500 °C by thermogravimetric analysis. The surface area of bare CNTs was measured as 263.9 m2/g and decreased to 197.0 m2/g after a 5th coating with PDA. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities of CNT and PDA@CNTs were determined via total flavonoid content (TFC), total phenol content (TPC), and Fe(III)-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) tests, revealing the increased antioxidant ability of PDA@CNTs with the increasing numbers of PDA coatings. Moreover, a higher inhibition percentage of the activity of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme with 95.1 ± 2.9% inhibition at 6 mg/mL PDA-1st@CNTs concentration was found. The CNT and PDA@CNTs exhibited blood compatibility, less than a 2.5% hemolysis ratio, and more than 85% blood clotting indexes. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of PDA-5th@CNTs against E. coli and S. aureus bacteria was determined as 10 mg/mL.
Highlights
The amount of coated PDA on Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was calculated via TGA measurements
The antioxidant ability of prepared PDA@CNT structures was confirmed via three different antioxidant assays
Each assay showed that by increasing the amount of PDA coating on CNTs via multiple coating processes, the antioxidant ability of PDA@CNTs was increased
Summary
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are 1D nanostructures derived from the rolling of one or more than one graphene sheets, which are called single-walled and multi-walled CNTs, respectively [1,2,3]. It was reported in the literature that the size of CNTs varies up to hundreds of micrometers in length and few tens of nm in diameters [4,5,6]. The Van der Waals interactions of the bare CNTs causing the drawback of dispersibility within the polymer matrix can impede the processability and the ability of widespread use of pure CNTs in versatile composite applications [13,14]
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