Abstract
The paper proposes an impregnation composition for cement concrete roads used as an ice-phobic coating. The composition has been made based on keratin-containing components derived from animal waste with the addition of water-soluble polymers. The main parameter of serviceability of the coating impregnated with the developed composition was assessing the adhesion resistance of ice crust to concrete under the influence of mechanical loads. For this purpose, tests of big specimens (surface area 1925 cm2) in laboratory conditions with application of vibration and impact loads and modelling of thermal stresses were conducted. The test results showed the effectiveness of the ice-coating, as in all experiments, the uncoated specimens showed a greater resistance of the ice crust to mechanical stresses. An additional evaluation parameter was comparing the water absorption capacity of coated and uncoated concrete. The test results showed a significant difference in the water absorption capacity of the uncoated specimens, exceeding the coated specimens by 47%. Due to the results obtained, it will be possible to use the impregnation compound effectively to improve the ice resistance of cement concrete coatings.
Highlights
The tests were performed at a constant vibration frequency of the vibrating pad λ = 10 Hz, In addition to the ice-cracking tests, the hydrophobic properties of the concrete were tested using the standard method of determining its water saturation
The first peak on the graph shows the moment of the first discontinuity in the ice crust, and the second peak shows the moment of complete discontinuity
The technological peculiarity of the proposed anti-icing coating was the use of keratin, which was obtained in a relatively inexpensive way from the animal-breeding industry waste
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. In world practice, sand was used as an abrasive placed on the surface of icy roads, thereby increasing the traction of wheels with the ice crust [11] This method does not solve the whole problem, has a short-term effect, and requires constant maintenance. The solution to this problem of icing on concrete roads was still relevant It can be found in the use of impregnating compositions that do not require frequent maintenance but are capable of reducing ice formation or partially eliminating it [12]. These impregnation compositions are mainly used for water protection of cement concrete road pavements These impregnation compositions increase the resistance of the pavement to chemical reagents. By excluding one of the factors (in our case, it was the first factor as ice adhesion), the effectiveness of the second factor—ice crust anchoring—can be significantly reduced [2,20]
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