Abstract
There are many important trade-offs and constraints on cost, volume, weight, conduction losses, switching losses, microcontrollers, isolation, voltage and current levels, voltage and current ripples, battery specifications, charging–discharging algorithms, control system, switch gate drivers, and efficiency of battery chargers in electric vehicles. In this paper, a well-known power electronic topology commonly used in recent relevant studies is considered, and some important technical considerations with regard to the mentioned trade-offs and constraints are discussed in detail for the first time. The discussion concerns the practical and theoretical experiences in implementation of battery chargers and charging stations of electric vehicles exclusively, and it can be extended to various other power electronic topologies.
Highlights
Nowadays, the design of charging stations and battery chargers of electric vehicles (EVs) is being extensively studied
A well-known topology for battery chargers and charging stations of EVs was selected, and personal experiences in some particular aspects of power electronics in the design of EV battery charging systems were explained in detail
EV battery systems can be viewed from various other perspectives, which have been ignored in this paper, such as the chemistry and characteristics of the battery pack, the elements of the battery cell [94,95], the materials used in the battery cell [94,95], the management of EV battery chargers throughout the microgrid [96], their efficiency and emissions [97], their role in ancillary services in vehicle-to-grid technology [98,99], and so forth
Summary
The design of charging stations and battery chargers of electric vehicles (EVs) is being extensively studied. A well-known topology for battery chargers and charging stations of EVs was selected, and personal experiences in some particular aspects of power electronics in the design of EV battery charging systems were explained in detail. In [43], an EV battery charger with three IGBT legs is proposed to work on different modes in vehicle-to-grid technology This topology is worthy of study because it has similar components and is very similar to thousands of non-isolated converters extensively used and developed for battery chargers. This study explains how elements, voltage levels, current levels, and other components must be selected based on theoretical and practical reasons and not by accident It will uniquely address these issues in detail in comparison to the recently published papers in the field of EV battery chargers based on practical experiences and theoretical justifications. The selection of an appropriate microcontroller, selection of the appropriate inductance, selection of the switching and charging frequencies, and the selection of the reference command of the DC link voltage to reduce the switching dissipation and to maximize the output reactive power and so on are vindicated in this paper in practice and in theory for an EV battery charger including some IGBT legs
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