Implications of ion-exchange kinetics on ion-selective electrode responses and selectivities

Abstract

Simple principles that have been recognized for some time to be important for the description of equilibrium (or pseudoequilibrium) responses of ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) are further developed into a theory that explains their time-dependent responses. Calculations based on the theory provide new insights into how selectivity coefficients may depend upon kinetic as well as thermodynamic parameters. The theory is not confined to conventional ISEs, but also applies to ion-selective field effect transistors (ISFETs) and coated wire electrodes (CWEs) as well