Implications for dosimetric changes when introducing MR-guided brachytherapy for small volume cervix cancer: a comparison of CT and MR-based treatments in a single centre

Abstract

To evaluate cervix brachytherapy dosimetry with the introduction of magnetic resonance (MR) based treatment planning and volumetric prescriptions and propose a method for plan evaluation in the transition period. The treatment records of 69 patients were reviewed retrospectively. Forty one patients were treated using computed tomography (CT)-based, Point A-based prescriptions and 28 patients were treated using magnetic resonance (MR)-based, volumetric prescriptions. Plans were assessed for dose to Point A and organs at risk (OAR) with additional high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV) dose assessment for MR-based brachytherapy plans. ICRU-38 point doses and GEC-ESTRO recommended volumetric doses (D2cc for OAR and D100, D98 and D90 for HR-CTV) were also considered. For patients with small HR-CTV sizes, introduction of MR-based volumetric brachytherapy produced a change in dose delivered to Point A and OAR. Point A doses fell by 4.8Gy (p=0.0002) and ICRU and D2cc doses for OAR also reduced (p<0.01). Mean Point A doses for MR-based brachytherapy treatment plans were closer to those of HR-CTV D100 for volumes less than 20cm(3) and HR-CTV D98 for volumes between 20 and 35cm(3), with a significant difference (p<0.0001) between Point A and HR-CTV D90 doses in these ranges. In order to maintain brachytherapy dose consistency across varying HR-CTV sizes there must be a relationship between the volume of the HR-CTV and the prescription dose. Rather than adopting a 'one size fits all' approach during the transition to volume-based prescriptions, this audit has shown that separating prescription volumes into HR-CTV size categories of less than 20cm(3), between 20 and 35cm(3), and more than 35cm(3) the HR-CTV can provide dose uniformity across all volumes and can be directly linked to traditional Point A prescriptions.