Abstract
This study used a field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with a Xilinx Spartan-3 FPGA to implement Reflex charge control in a dual-axis solar tracking system with maximum power point tracking (MPPT). The chaos embedded particle swarm optimization method was used to search for the optimum gain constants of the PI controller and the Reflex charging frequency. This scheme not only increases the output power of solar panels but also has a significant effect on switching loss and oscillation of solar charging. The experiment results showed that the proposed method can also significantly improve temperature rise, and that charging efficiency is also better than it is in a traditional charge mode. The results also showed that charging power was enough for solar tracking and the requirements of the charging system. The most significant contribution of this paper is that the scheme can be applied to any active solar tracking and charging system.
Highlights
The solar power generation module is connected to a buck, boost or buck-boost converter, with a maximum power point tracker at the output end of solar panel to increase output efficiency.Common algorithms for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) include the variable-step incremental conductance proposed by Liu in 2008 [1] and the perturb and observe (P&O) proposed by Femia in2005 [2]
The voltage/current exported by the solar panel flows through the feedback circuit, the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) extracts data, and these data are fed back to the notebook PC for MPPT and calculation of the charge control on-off cycle
The lead-acid batteries required for the solar power system and the solar tracking system are different, and experimental evaluation of the charging power consumption for the system shows that the power needed for charging the total system is 25 W
Summary
The solar power generation module is connected to a buck, boost or buck-boost converter, with a maximum power point tracker at the output end of solar panel to increase output efficiency. In terms of current studies of general battery charging, Horkos [5] proposed different charging techniques of lead-acid batteries in 2015 for detection of the optimum charging frequency and used multiple charge modes and fixed frequency as a comparison This increased charging efficiency to a great extent when compared to the old charge modes. Sci. 2016, 6, 41 test 3C charging [8], and successfully used the Reflex charge-up method to control the temperature level This showed that Reflex charging contributed to the chemical reaction rate and suppressed the temperature inside a lead-acid battery. The optimum frequency was found based on the system energy consumption criteria of the integral square error (ISE) It was only a simulation result and did not discuss the concept of self-sufficient power supply in that study [4]. It will be implemented by FPGA chip in this study, and the self-sufficient power supply system will be discussed in this study to verify whether this scheme can act as a self-sufficient power supply
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