Abstract
This paper aims at studying the problems of aviation noise and air, soil and water pollution in Tallinn Airport and the implementation of measures to make the airport more environmentally friendly. At present Tallinn Airport has two stationary noise level monitoring terminals and one mobile terminal for metering and modelling the noise level caused by aircraft taking-off and landing. Research shows that Tallinn Airport has not yet exceeded the noise limits stipulated by regulations. The area surrounding Tallinn Airport has been divided into four noise zones. Zone 1, where the noise level does not exceed 55 dB, is suitable for a majority of types of buildings, whereas Zone 4, where the noise level exceeds 70 dB and the highest level measured was 105 dB, is absolutely unacceptable as a building area. In recent years the number of flights flying over the residential areas of Tallinn has been reduced significantly, i.e. the number of flights taking off from runway 26 and landing on runway 08. In suitable weather conditions, noisy aircraft are directed to land on RWY 26 and take off from RWY08. Thanks to the measures mentioned above, air pollution from aircraft exhaust gases has been reduced considerably in Tallinn. After the completion of the military airfield at Ämari in the nearest future, it is going to be possible to transfer the cargo flights, usually made by large noisy jets, from Tallinn Airport to Ämari. Various measures have also been taken to reduce the pollution of soil and water within the area of Tallinn Airport.
Highlights
Nowadays the global community is paying more and more attention to the environment
In 2003 stationary noise monitoring equipment was installed at Tallinn Airport to measure the noise level caused by departing and landing aircraft in anticipation of applying preventive measures or sanctions
One of the terminals is equipped with weather sensors to measure wind speed and direction and air temperature and pressure. (Vanker et al 2009; Keskküla 2012b) Figure 1 shows the location of Tallinn Airport noise monitoring terminals
Summary
Nowadays the global community is paying more and more attention to the environment. Air, soil and water pollution issues have been topical for a long time. Airport operations have had a big influence on the environment, and that is why more airports are working towards making themselves more environmentally friendly. A number of organisations and programmes have been created to help airports reduce their carbon emissions These programmes help airports to develop systems to identify, monitor and reduce sources of air pollution. In an airport’s operating area, an important factor influencing the environment is runoff water. This water may have a negative impact on soil and ground water since it contains a relatively high concentration of pollutants. Different contaminants can be spilt onto the ground These include aircraft deicing fluids, lubricants and fuel. To avoid harming the environment, airports have developed various drainage systems that trap and treat the water before it is released (Sulej et al 2011)
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