Abstract
<p>Halal food products have become a global issue and one of the marketing strategies for consumers predominantly muslim such as Indonesia. Based on Islamic law, the Qur’an and hadith, a Muslim is required to consume halal and tayyib food products. Chocolate is favorite product for all generation, however the ingredients is highly potency as critical point of the halal product. The objective of this study is to identify the critical points the halalness of product from ingredient factors, then integrated on the food safety, and evaluatethe quality during process. The chocolate products discussed are chocolate bars without the addition of starch, flour and animal fats except milk. The ingredient used in chocolate production are vegetable, animal, and micoorganism source. Although based on vegetable or microorganisms, it can contact with animal sources which is haram (such as pork). The additional ingredients which have critical point of halal (such as substitutes for cocoa butter, milk, sugar, flavorings, and lecithin) need to show their halal status with the halal certification published by BPJPH. In addition to halal, food products have to fulfill the characteristics of thoyyib so it is necessary to apply several food qualities and safety standards on production process. SNI 2323 2008 about cacao beans are regulate the physical quality and the classification of cocoa beans. Safety assurance during the processing into semifinished products or chocolate is applied using the principles of HACCP ( Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point ) and GMP ( Good Manufacturing or Management Practices.</p><p>Keywords: Chocolate, halal critical point, Indonesian national standard, thoyyib</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Kehalalan produk pangan menjadi isu global dan salah satu strategi pemasaran dengan sasaran konsumen mayoritas muslim seperti di Indonesia. Sesuai dengan syariah Islam berdasarkan Al-Qur’an dan Hadis, suatu produk pangan yang dikonsumsi harus halal dan thoyyib. Cokelat merupakan salah satu produk yang banyak digemari oleh kalangan luas, namun tergolong produk dengan yang memiliki titik kritis kehalalan sangat tinggi. Tujuan dari kajian ini adalah mengulas titik kritis kehalalan produk cokelat berdasarkan bahan-bahan yang digunakan, kemudian diintegrasikan keamanannya, dan evaluasi mutu selama proses pengolahannya. Produk cokelat yang dibahas pada tulisan ini adalah cokelat batang tanpa penambahan pati, tepung, dan lemak hewan kecuali susu. Beberapa bahan tambahan yang digunakan pada pembuatan produk cokelat dapat berasal dari bahan nabati, hewani, dan mikroorganisme. Meskipun berasal dari bahan nabati atau mikroorganisme, pada prosesnya sering kali dapat bersinggungan dengan bahan hewani yang berstatus haram (seperti babi). Beberapa bahan tambahan yang memiliki titik kritis kehalalan tersebut seperti pengganti lemak kakao, susu, gula, perisa, dan lesitin perlu ditunjukkan status kehalalannya dengan sertifikasi halal yang dikeluarkan oleh Badan Penyelenggara Jaminan Produk Halal (BPJPH). Di samping halal, produk pangan harus memenuhi sifat thoyyib , sehingga dalam proses produksinya perlu menerapkan beberapa standar mutu dan keamanan pangan. Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI) 2323 2008 tentang kakao telah mengatur mutu fisik dan klasifikasi biji, yang melampirkan pengujian kimia dan mikrobiologi yang menjadi titik kritis keamanan kakao. Jaminan keamanan selama proses pengolahan menjadi produk setengah jadi atau cokelat diterapkan dengan prinsip HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point) dan GMP (Good Manufacturing or Management Practices).</p><p>Kata kunci: Cokelat, titik kritis kehalalan, standar nasional Indonesia, thoyyib</p>
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