Abstract
Impedance modeling for accelerator applications has improved over the years, largely as a result of advances in simulation capabilities. While this modeling has been successful in reproducing certain measurements, it is still a significant challenge to predict collective effects in real machines. In this paper, we review our approach to impedance modeling and the subsequent simulations of collective effects. We discuss the choice of the electrodynamics codes and the required computer power resources, modeling of the geometric, and resistive wall impedances, their comparison with analytical approaches, and their application for simulating of the collective effects with tracking and beam-induced heating.
Highlights
In this paper, we would like to share our experience with impedance calculation, optimization, and its subsequent application to the analysis of collective effects
Our work is based on several years of research and development for low-emittance storage rings, and this paper attempts to focus on those topics that we think may be useful for recently started upgrade projects and for those that may come in the future
There are several factors that can limit the performance of a storage ring, potentially preventing it from achieving its designed for beam parameters
Summary
We would like to share our experience with impedance calculation, optimization, and its subsequent application to the analysis of collective effects. We see that while some chamber radii may be as small as 6 mm, and some projects have high-(∼10 mm) and low-chamber profiles (∼6 mm), the natural bunch length in all cases is typically two to four times smaller than the chamber radius Such short and intense bunches typically have large Touschek and intrabeam scattering rates that result in a short lifetime and larger emittance, and can excite large wakefields around the ring which lead to higher instability growth rates and beam-induced heating. To mitigate these negative effects, all upgrade projects are looking for ways to extend the bunch length beyond its natural value σs0.
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