Abstract
Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized by unilateral atrophy of the brain. New diagnostic criteria for CBS include intermediate somatosensory dysfunction. Here, we aimed to carefully examine intermediate somatosensory function to identify tests which can assess impairment in CBS patients. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we also aimed to show the anatomical bases of these impairments. Subjects included 14 patients diagnosed with CBS and 14 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Patients were evaluated using intermediate somatosensory tests and neuropsychological assessments. VBM was used to analyze differences in gray matter volumes between CBS and PD patients. In the PD group, no tests showed a significant difference between the dominant-side onset and the non-dominant-side onset. In the CBS group, all tests showed worse scores on the affected side. For detecting intermediate somatosensory dysfunction in CBS, two tests are recommended: tactile object naming and 2-point discrimination. VBM analysis showed that the volume of the left post- and pre-central gyrus, and both sides of the supplementary motor area were significantly decreased in the CBS group compared to the PD group. Although CBS remains untreatable, early and correct diagnosis is possible by performing close examination of intermediate somatosensory function.
Highlights
Found 4 CBD phenotypes emerged: CBS, frontal behavioral-spatial syndrome (FBS), nonfluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia, and progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPS)[13]
The following neuropsychological assessments were significantly lower in the CBS group than in the PD group (Table 1): MMSE (p = 0.02), Raven’s Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) (p = 0.01), Standard Profile Score (SPS; p = 0.01) and Screening Score (SS; p = 0.02) of Rivermead Behavioral Memory Test (RBMT), Trail Making Test (TMT)-A (p = 0.01), and word fluency (WF)-Category (p < 0.01)
This study investigated the impairment of intermediate somatosensory function in CBS patients and PD patients
Summary
Found 4 CBD phenotypes emerged: CBS, frontal behavioral-spatial syndrome (FBS), nonfluent/agrammatic variant of primary progressive aphasia (naPPA), and progressive supranuclear palsy syndrome (PSPS)[13]. CBS presents with many atypical cases, and several clinical diagnostic criteria have been reported[14,15,16,17]. Among the new diagnostic criteria, “cortical sensory loss” or intermediate somatosensory dysfunction was present in approximately one quarter of cases pathologically diagnosed with C BS18. Despite being one of the diagnostic criteria for CBS, there have been no reports that thoroughly evaluated the impairment of intermediate somatosensory function in CBS patients. We closely examined intermediate somatosensory function in CBS and PD patients, and compared these results. Using voxel-based morphometry (VBM), we investigated the relationship between grey matter volume and intermediate somatosensory dysfunction
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