Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that cerebral vascularity may be impaired in Alzheimer's disease. Cerebral vasomotor reactivity could be an important biomarker for this pathology. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in cerebral vascular motor reactivity in Alzheimer's disease subjects and to associate these changes with their cognitive scores. Methods We recruited subjects with a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and healthy controls. Demographic, clinical, imaging, and cognitive test were obtained. Then all participants performed a cerebral vascular motor reactivity test with 7% CO2 and cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFV) were recorded with transcranial doppler ultrasound before and after the test. Results We recruited 45 subjects, 26 (21 female) Alzheimer's disease participants and 19 (15 female) healthy controls. There were no differences in baseline cerebral blood flow velocities between the groups. After the cerebral vasomotor reactivity test, absolute mean difference in mean CBFV (ΔCBFV-m) was 8.70±4.14 versus 4.81±6.96 (p<0.01), respectively. Calculated percentage of change (%CVMR) was lower in the AD group 7.45±18.25 versus 23.29±17.48, and there was a positive but weak correlation with mini-mental scores (ρ=0.337, p=0.023). Conclusions In this study, Alzheimer's disease subjects showed significant changes in all absolute cerebral blood flow velocities after the cerebral vasomotor reactivity test with CO2, but only diastolic phase responses were statistically significant. There was a positive but weak correlation between cerebral vasomotor reactivity and cognitive scores. Further studies are needed to investigate these effects in larger Latin-American samples.
Highlights
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in both industrialized and developing countries, accounting for most of all dementia cases [1, 2]
There was a significant difference in Mini-Mental State Examination test (MMSE) scores between AD participants and Healthy controls (HC)
This study shows that participants with AD have smaller changes in cerebral blood flow velocities (CBFV) than healthy controls matched for age, gender, and common vascular risk factors in response to an inhaled CO2 cerebral vasomotor reactivity (CVMR) test, in diastolic phase CBFV
Summary
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia in both industrialized and developing countries, accounting for most of all dementia cases [1, 2]. Recent studies have shown that cerebral vascularity may be impaired in Alzheimer’s disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in cerebral vascular motor reactivity in Alzheimer’s disease subjects and to associate these changes with their cognitive scores. We recruited 45 subjects, 26 (21 female) Alzheimer’s disease participants and 19 (15 female) healthy controls. After the cerebral vasomotor reactivity test, absolute mean difference in mean CBFV (ΔCBFV-m) was 8.70±4.14 versus 4.81±6.96 (p
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