Abstract
Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the concentrations and accumulation of macronutrients in conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) fruit, and their concentrations in leaves, over two years, in irrigated and nonirrigated coffee plants. Three-year-old conilon coffee plants of the cultivar Emcapa 8111 genotype 02 were used. An experimental design was carried out in randomized complete blocks, in a split-plot arrangement, with 14 replicates. The main plot factor was irrigation versus nonirrigation of coffee plants, and the split-plot factor was different fruit and leaf collection times. Collections began 10 days after the beginning of flowering and were performed on average every 28 days, until full fruit ripening. At each sampling date, five plants per treatment were picked out, by collecting one plagiotropic branch by plant, separated into fruit and leaves. Each part was dried, weighed, and subjected to the chemical analysis. Macronutrient accumulations and their accumulation rates were determined. According to the regression analysis of the data, fruit macronutrient accumulation curves fit best to sigmoidal equations. Irrigation affects the macronutrient dynamics in fruit and leaves during the fruiting phase of conilon coffee, and increases the accumulation of nutrients in the plant tissues. The macronutrients found in greater quantities are N, K, and Ca, in fruit and leaves, regardless of the irrigation treatment.
Highlights
Coffea Arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora Pierre ex A
Recent modelling studies estimate that this crop will suffer significant changes in the agroclimatic zoning by loosing suitable areas of cultivation, which is mainly linked to rising temperatures above the optimum for C. arabica and C. canephora (Bunn et al, 2015; Martins et al, 2015; Rodrigues et al, 2016)
Similar result was previously observed in conilon coffee plants grown in northern Espírito Santo state (Partelli et al, 2014)
Summary
Coffea Arabica L. (Arabica coffee) and Coffea canephora Pierre ex A. Low-water availability decreases the stomatal opening, resulting in low-CO2 uptake and decreased production of photoassimilates (Sakai et al, 2015) These facts affect the shoot development of coffee plants, decreasing their leaf area, plant growth and yield (DaMatta & Ramalho, 2006; Ramalho et al, 2014). Water deficit can further compromise coffee productivity and quality, if occurring on flowering and fruiting stages – until approximately 18 weeks following flowering (Bonomo et al, 2008). For these reasons, conilon coffee is grown along the Brazilian Atlantic coast, mostly in irrigated areas
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