Impact on Prognosis Following Nonanatomical Resection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Postoperatively Proven as Micro Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus on Histology

Abstract

Objective The prognostic impact of intrahepatic recurrence pattern and/or operative procedure (anatomical resection [AR] and nonanatomical resection [NAR]) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with postoperatively proven portal vein tumor thrombus on histology has not yet been clearly examined. Summary of background data A total of 52 HCC patients who had no visible macroscopic vascular invasion preoperatively and histologically proven portal vein tumor thrombus distal to second-order portal branches after surgery were analyzed. Methods The overall survival and disease-free survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method. The risk factors for intrahepatic recurrence and distant metastasis were analyzed using the log-rank test. Results There was no significant difference in the overall survival rates at 5 years, based on the operative procedure. The disease-free survival rates at 3 years were 59.2% (AR group) and 30.1% (NAR group), respectively, and were statistically significant. Intrahepatic recurrence in the same remnant segment was seen in 5 patients undergoing NAR. These cases developed multiple bilobar recurrences simultaneously, including the same segment, and recurrence only in the same remnant segment was not seen in any case, irrespective of solitary or multiple recurrence. Conclusions Intrahepatic recurrence in the same remnant segment does not influence the disease-free survival rate in patients after NAR. Although AR would be an ideal procedure, the current study suggests NAR can achieve identical outcomes for patients who cannot be considered for AR.