Impact of Window Penetration Loss on Building Entry Loss From 3.5 to 24 GHz

Young Chul Lee,Byung-Lok Cho,Chul Woo Byeon,Khairunnisa Aziding,Soon-Soo Oh

doi:10.1109/access.2021.3116144

Abstract

We investigated the impact of window penetration loss (WinPL) on the frequency dependence of building entry loss (BEL) from 3.5 to 24 GHz. The WinPL characteristics of an ideal double-glazed glass and an actual double-glazed window were simulated and measured on-site, respectively, and both results showed almost the same oscillatory characteristics with respect to the frequency changes that occurred due to the impedance oscillation of the double glass-like multilayer dielectrics. Two BEL measurement scenarios were examined to analyze the frequency dependence of BEL in a traditional office building with double-glazed windows identical to those analyzed in the on-site WinPL measurements. The experiments included a complex propagation route (the first scenario) from the facade of the building to the corridors through windows and offices and a simple propagation route (the second scenario) through only windows lateral to the building. The two main findings are (i) BEL showed strong frequency-dependent behavior regardless of the propagation route and (ii) the WinPL characteristics of the outer double-glazed window were the main contributors to the frequency dependence of BEL.

Highlights

Various investigations regarding outdoor-to-indoor (O2I)[1]-[7] and indoor-to-outdoor (I2O) [8] propagation have been attempted in previous studies on building entry loss (BEL), as penetration losses through building materials such as windows and walls directly affect the characteristics of BEL [3], [4], [7], [9]-[13]
In this paper, the frequency dependence of window penetration loss (WinPL) on the double glazed glass was analyzed by simulations and on-site measurements from 3.5 to 24 GHz, and the results were analyzed with the frequency dependence of BEL for the traditional office building with the same glass windows
In the BEL study for the traditional building with the double glazed glass windows, the frequency dependence of the same trend as that of WinPL was observed in the BEL characteristics measured at the front and side of the building using the two measurement scenarios

Summary

INTRODUCTION

[1]-[7] and indoor-to-outdoor (I2O) [8] propagation have been attempted in previous studies on building entry loss (BEL), as penetration losses through building materials such as windows and walls directly affect the characteristics of BEL [3], [4], [7], [9]-[13]. Most of the electric fields are reflected from the double-glazed glass at 5.2, 11.7, 15.5, and 22 GHz, where high losses occur, some weak fields are applied at the port 2 for 15.5 GHz because of different phase velocity At frequencies such as 2.4, 8.4, 19.0, and 24 GHz, representing low S21 values, most of the waves propagate well through the glass. From the results of the WinPL simulation, it can be concluded that WinPL does not increase linearly due to a change in the impedance of the window as the frequency increases, and the observed WinPL changes are more sensitive to the glass construction than to the relative dielectric constant of the glass

Exterior Wall

CONCLUSION