Impact of urban water bodies on the structure of open public spaces

Abstract

Currently, most cities situated next to rivers are facing the problem of near-water depressive spaces formation. Most frequently, coastal territories that were previously used for agricultural and industrial needs become depressive spaces. After the loss of their purpose, these facilities cease to be operated, which leads to a negative environmental impact on the environment and to its gradual degradation. The article contains the results of the study of depressive territory of the Chermyanka river section (Moscow city), in which the authors took part. The section of the river is located in the North-Eastern Administrative District of Moscow in the municipal districts of Bibirevo and Otradnoye. Based on the results of the reconnaissance survey and sociological research, the main problems of the studied depressive territory were identified. Based on the analysis of successful domestic and foreign projects on the revitalization of depressive near-water spaces, the ways of solving these problems and the development of the degraded territory are proposed. The article describes in detail the option of reorganization of the considered depressive territory, developed by the authors. The option of zoning of the river territory into green and open public spaces is justified, including an assessment of the morphometric indicators of the river, biological, sociological and landscape characteristics. The functional content of public spaces aimed at meeting the needs of various social and age groups, and communications that allow combining open public and green spaces into a holistic recreational complex are described. The new public space should perform not only a recreational function, but also a communication one. It will allow linking the Bibirevo and Otradnoye districts by a pedestrian route and will provide free movement between the banks of the river.