Abstract
The current approach to gluconic acid production is acetification at 30°C, a temperature that can be difficult to maintain in tropical countries. This study investigated the production of gluconic acid during acetification by Acetobacter aceti WK at high temperatures. An acid-tolerant and thermotolerant species, A. aceti WK, was used for acetification at three different temperatures, namely, 30°C (normal temperature), 37°C, and 40°C (high temperature). Acetification was performed in a 100L bioreactor with 0.15% CaCl2 for protection of the cells against high temperatures. The production of the organic acids, that is, acetic acid, gluconic acid, 2-keto gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, citric acid, succinic acid, lactic acid, and formic acid, was analyzed. Under acetification in the target total concentration of 80g/L, the highest acetic acid content (39.3g/L) was obtained at 37°C with an acetification rate of 0.3013g/L/h, while the acetic acid content and acetification rate achieved at 30°C were 31g/L and 0.3089g/L/h, respectively. Additionally, gluconic acid presented at the highest concentration of 2.17g/L. The rate of production of gluconic acid was 0.0169g/L/h at 37°C. This acetification process at 37°C will be valuable as an alternative source for gluconic acid production for commercial applications.
Published Version
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