Abstract
This study analyses the impact of state public health expenditure on life expectancy in Brazil between 1990 and 2021, focusing on how investments in the health sector influence the population's longevity. The research uses a panel data model to explore the correlation between health spending and life expectancy, considering per capita income as a secondary variable. The results show a significant positive relationship between increased health spending and improvements in life expectancy across Brazilian states. However, another relevant finding indicates that health spending has become insufficient to significantly boost life expectancy, possibly due to rising healthcare costs driven by an ageing population. This ageing has generated increasing pressure for more health resources, requiring expanded expenditure in this sector. This study aims to contribute to the debate on the effectiveness of state health policies and encourages future investigations into optimising public health investments to maximise benefits for the population
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