Abstract
This paper aims to analyze different sediment self-cleansing criteria and to find out what the corresponding implications are on the optimal design of sewer systems. A methodology based on enumeration is used to find the sewer network design that minimizes the costs of construction while fulfilling a number of design criteria including self-cleansing constraints. Three stormwater and wastewater sewer networks are used for the analyses. The results indicate that in cases where the terrain slopes and design flow rates are higher, the self-cleansing restrictions are irrelevant to the optimal design. However, when the terrain slopes and the design flow rates are lower, these restrictions affect the final design. Using the results obtained, a graph is constructed showing the limit at which self-cleansing restrictions become a constraining parameter in optimal design for sewer networks. It is expected that this graph will be useful for the design of future sewer networks in low-income areas, where the design of traditional, gravity-based sewer systems is essential.
Highlights
Sewer systems can be defined as an infrastructure used to collect and transport stormwater and wastewater produced in urban areas
The impact of choosing self-cleansing criteria on the optimal design of sewer networks is presented in this paper
The impact evaluation of these criteria is carried out using an optimal sewer network design methodology by Duque et al [12], subject to a number of design constraints
Summary
Sewer systems can be defined as an infrastructure used to collect and transport stormwater and wastewater produced in urban areas. These systems have been designed without considering optimization criteria, which has resulted in high construction costs and overdesigned sewer networks. Several techniques have been proposed to reduce construction costs These techniques include typical recommendations and constraints proposed in several water utilities design manuals. Some of these constraints include minimum velocities or minimum shear stress values to guarantee self-cleansing conditions in sewer systems. The traditional design of sewer networks has been considered to be a single-objective strategy, i.e., without including construction costs. Several authors have used multi-objective strategies, which consider an optimal design of sewer pipes while a cost function equation is being minimized
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