Abstract
Seven strains of Pseudomonas spp. were isolated from the south Gujarat region of India. Antifungal and bacterial activities of bacterial strains were evaluated against important plant pathogens in vitro, among them, PaRS was found most effective. The indole acetic acid production was recorded in all isolated Pseudomonas spp. Seed treatment with PaRS at 6 g/kg was significantly superior over other treatments for plant growth promotion (germination, shoot and root length, shoot and root weight, vigor index, and both shoot and root colonization) under standard roll towel method and pot conditions. The maximum siderophore production was observed in PaRS and medium production in PfRB, PaNS, and PfNC. PaNS and PaRS strains recorded strong HCN production but moderate production recorded in PaWP, PaWS, and PfNC. The maximum phosphate solubalization zone (22 mm) was found in PaRS. PaRS recorded maximum chitinase, ß-1,3-glucanase activity, hydrogen cyanide, and salicylic acid production as compared to other strains.
Highlights
Various agrochemicals are available in the market for the management of pests and diseases, and a few of them cause harmful effects on the environment
The bacterial strains were subjected to identification and based on the morphological, biochemical, and physiological characterization, among them four bacterial strains were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PaWP, PaWS, PaRS, and PaNS) and three as P. fluorescens (PfWN, PfRB, and PfNC)
Antifungal and antibacterial properties of bacterial strains were evaluated by dual culture and paper disc methods under in vitro conditions
Summary
Various agrochemicals are available in the market for the management of pests and diseases, and a few of them cause harmful effects on the environment. Biological control is an effective, eco-friendly, and economical practice, and the best alternative to agrochemicals for pest management (Iftikhar et al, 2020). The microorganism is one of the smartest living organisms on the earth because of its survivability under extreme conditions, andpresently many beneficial microorganisms are utilized for plant disease management (Shelake et al, 2019; Waghunde et al, 2021). The different agriculturally important microbes like Trichoderma, Bacillus, Serratia, Pseudomonas spp. were used to manage plant pathogens i.e., Ganoderma boninense, Fusarium oxysporum f. The plant-growth-promoting bacteria comprising a different group has a beneficial effect on the host through the direct and indirect mechanism which helps plant growth and
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