Abstract
Peru, in the last 10 years has been experiencing an almost constant growth in the exports of some products of the agricultural sector that have great acceptance in the international market. Among the products most in demand are the grapes, which are exported in significant quantities to the United States, China, the Netherlands, Russia, Spain, among others. Although they have been presenting basically climatological problems, the production has followed an encouraging direction, improving its productivity every year, being the departments Piura, Ica, Lima, Lambayeque and La Libertad, the most representative as far as its production is concerned. In this scenario, where international markets open up thanks to agreements and treaties signed, the demands on producers increase, with productivity being the main indicator of continuous improvement, measuring advances in knowledge, techniques and specialization, generating greater production and better quality. Analyzing the impact of productivity on exports, allows us to have an idea of the cause-effect relationships between one and the other, allowing greater emphasis on strategies to generate improvements. The statistical analysis carried out showed that there is a significant impact of export productivity, so that for each additional tonne increased in production per hectare harvested, exports increase by 36,819 tons. This fact must be considered, since the dedication and the impulse that is granted to improve productivity will have very positive results in exports.
Highlights
Productivity is one of the basic elements of competitiveness among individuals, companies and countries
One of the contradictory aspects is that productivity varies significantly from one region to another, including from one type of producer to another, due to the varied characteristics and conditions in which farmers find themselves, in such a way that producers can be distinguished that produce on a large scale, being the destination of their production export markets, on the other hand we find producers who own small smallholdings, often unproductive, only with the orientation to subsistence and without any search for connection to the markets (World Bank, 2017)
The production oriented to the international market forces the producer to go beyond the planning for the internal production, it is to think about overcoming the normal levels of production, it is thinking on a large scale, constantly improving the productivity, increasing the specialization and installing the concept of continuous improvement in production (Houck et al, 2014)
Summary
Productivity is one of the basic elements of competitiveness among individuals, companies and countries. To increase productivity it is necessary to review and increase the knowledge of the people involved in an ongoing manner, thereby improving procedures, the use of resources, innovating new techniques and improving existing ones. This concept is of vital importance, because of the results obtained, and because it generates a better quality of life for society (Herrera, 2013). Peru has absolute advantages in the production of grapes, so it is convenient to specialize in their production, has climatic advantages, adequate growing areas and good location in the hemisphere. The study has been carried out on the basis of information extracted from the Ministry of Agriculture and the Trade Map, as well as adequate theoretical foundation that support the coherence of the approach, since all analysis requires fundamentally the empirical identification of dependent and independent variables, locate a consistent database for its adequate analysis and a logical explanation of the relationship between both analysis variables (Mendoza, 2016)
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