Abstract
SummaryBackgroundPrehypertension has been associated with target-organ damage. This study sought to determine the impact of prehypertension (PHT) on QT dispersion and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adult black Nigerians.MethodsOne hundred and one subjects with office blood pressure (BP) < 140/90 mmHg were categorised according to their office BP into normotensive (BP < 120/80 mmHg, n = 57) and prehypertensive (BP 120–139/80–89 mmHg, n = 44) groups. Echocardiography and electrocardiography (ECG) were performed on the subjects.ResultsThirty-four males aged 53.65 ± 16.33 years and 67 females aged 52.42 ± 12.00 years were studied. The mean QT interval dispersion (QTd) of the normotensive (38.96 ± 11.06 ms) and prehypertensive (38.41 ± 11.81 ms) groups were similar (p = 0.81). Prehypertensive subjects had higher left ventricular mass (LVM) (165.75 ± 33.21 vs 144.54 ± 35.55 g, p = 0.024), left ventricular mass index 1 (LVMI-1) (91.65 ± 16.84 vs 80.45 ± 18.65 g/m2, p = 0.021) and left ventricular mass index 2 (LVMI-2) (54.96 ± 10.84 vs 47.51 ± 12.00 g/m2.7, p = 0.017). QTd was independent of echocardiographic and electrocardiographic LVH (p > 0.05).ConclusionCompared with normotension, prehypertension is associated with higher LVM but similar QTd. This suggests that structural remodelling precedes electrical remodelling in prehypertension.
Highlights
Prehypertension has been associated with target-organ damage
This study sought to determine the impact of prehypertension (PHT) on QT dispersion and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in adult black Nigerians
Several other variables were tested in both groups but did not correlate with QT interval dispersion (QTd) (p > 0.05): age, weight, height, Body mass index (BMI), SBP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure (PP), heart rate, QTc, left ventricular internal diameter in diastole (LVIDd), left ventricular internal diameter in systole (LVIDs), IVSTd, LVPWd, RWT and ejection fraction (EF)
Summary
One hundred and one consecutive, apparently healthy black Nigerian students, staff and retirees of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital and the College of Medicine, University of Lagos, aged between 26 and 86 years were recruited They fulfilled the following criteria: age ≥ 18 years, no history of heart disease, including hypertension or other conditions known to affect QT interval and QTd (e.g. diabetes mellitus, dysautonomia), normal cardiac physical examination and fasting blood sugar level < 7 mmol/l. Left ventricular mass index 1 (LVMI-1) was calculated as the ratio of LVM to body surface area (g/m2).[25] Subjects were was considered to have LVH if LVMI-1 was more than 134 g/m2 for men and more than 110 g/m2 for women.[26]. Analysis of variance was used to assess intra-observer variability of height and weight measures of the first 35 subjects. All tests were two-sided and values were considered statistically significant if p < 0.05
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