Abstract
ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to assess the impact of orthognathic surgery for dental facial deformities on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the immediate postoperative period up to at least 1 year after surgery.Study designThis prospective study evaluated data from 85 patients. OHRQoL was assessed using the Dutch version of the Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire (OHIP-14NL) preoperatively (T0), each day for 7 days postoperatively (T1–T7) and 4 weeks (T8), 6 months (T9), and at least 1 year (T10) after surgery. The total OHIP score was calculated for each patient, with higher OHIP scores indicating a worse impact on oral health. Patients also completed an extra questionnaire about self-care, discomfort, and experienced pain (rated on a 10-point scale) in the postoperative period (T1–T10).ResultsThe mean OHIP score increased sharply at T1 compared to T0 but decreased significantly in the first postoperative week. The mean OHIP score at T8 was still higher than before surgery. However, at T9 and T10, the mean OHIP score was significantly lower than at T0 (P < .05). No significant difference in OHIP score was found between gender, age, type of surgery, and indication for surgery. Pain significantly decreased from T6 to T0. The OHIP and pain scores significantly positively correlated at every time point except T9.ConclusionThe findings indicate that OHRQoL is reduced from baseline in the immediate postoperative period but improves over time. By 1 year, OHRQoL improves significantly after orthognathic surgery in patients with dentofacial deformities.
Highlights
Many studies have found lower oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with dentofacial deformities [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
The main surgical techniques are Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), and bimaxillary osteotomy (BIMAX), which are sometimes combined with an osseous genioplasty
Patients were eligible for the study when they had facial skeletal malformations that required elective combined treatment with preoperative and postoperative orthodontic corrections and orthognathic surgery at Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, between September 2016 and March 2020
Summary
Many studies have found lower oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in patients with dentofacial deformities [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. Patients with dentofacial deformities are characterized by various irregularities of the face and dental bone structures, such as hyperplasia, hypoplasia, and asymmetries of the maxilla, mandible, or chin. An abnormal position of the jaws can manifest in the dentition as a class II or III malocclusion and cause esthetic and functional problems, including difficulty chewing, sleeping, breathing, speaking, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands. The procedure involves repositioning of the maxilla, mandible, or both, sometimes in combination with correction of the chin. Orthognathic surgery involves preoperative and postoperative orthodontics to achieve dentofacial correction by aligning the dental arches. The main surgical techniques are Le Fort I osteotomy, bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO), and bimaxillary osteotomy (BIMAX), which are sometimes combined with an osseous genioplasty
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