Abstract
The study aimed to investigate an effect of organic fertilizer applied to rice in the first planting season for unfertilized soybean as second crop followed by inorganic and biofertilizer applied in the third season on soybean growth and yield under the rice-soybean-soybean cropping pattern in 2016/2017. The main plot was organic: (1) without organic amendment, (2) 10 t·ha−1 of chicken manure, and (3) 10 t·ha−1 precomposted rice straw. The subplot was inorganic N and P fertilizers and commercial biofertilizer (consisting of Rhizobium, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and P-solubilizing bacteria) applied at planting of soybeans in the second dry season: (1) control (no inorganic and biofertilizer), (2) 50 kg urea ha−1, (3) 100 kg SP36·ha−1, (4) 50 kg urea + 100 kg SP36 ha−1, (5) biofertilizer, (6) biofertilizer + 25 kg urea ha−1, (7) biofertilizer + 75 kg SP36 ha 1, and (8) biofertilizer + 25 kg urea + 75 kg SP36 ha−1. Soybean planted on the first dry season after rice harvested was not fertilized (untreated). The results showed that the chicken manure amendment increased grain yield of soybean in the second season, i.e., from 1.03 t·ha−1 (without organic amendment) to 1.27 t·ha−1, an increase of 23%. There was no effect of rice straw on soybean grain yield. In the third season, however, the residual effect of straw compost or chicken manure increased soybean grain yield by 8% and 20%, respectively. Both straw compost and chicken manure also showed a positive effect on the use of inorganic and biofertilizers in increasing soybean productivity.
Highlights
Increasing the productivity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) can be done by the integrated land and nutrient management. e efficiency and effectiveness of nutrient management refers to the sustainability of land carrying capacity which becomes a necessity [1]
The increase of soybean production is more on the use of inorganic fertilizers, due to it is easy process, practical nature, and availability, as well as highyielding varieties that are responsive to fertilizer application
Treatment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. e main plots were organic fertilizer: (1) no organic fertilizer, (2) 10 t·ha−1 chicken manure, (3) 10 t·ha−1 straw compost. e subplots were inorganic N and P fertilizer as well as commercial biofertilizer that were applied at planting of soybeans in the second dry season: (1) control, (2) 50 kg urea ha−1, (3)
Summary
Increasing the productivity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) can be done by the integrated land and nutrient management. e efficiency and effectiveness of nutrient management refers to the sustainability of land carrying capacity which becomes a necessity [1]. Increasing the productivity of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) can be done by the integrated land and nutrient management. The plough tillage and no-tillage generated a higher income per ha than the soybean grown in crop rotation. During this period, the increase of soybean production is more on the use of inorganic fertilizers, due to it is easy process, practical nature, and availability, as well as highyielding varieties that are responsive to fertilizer application. E results of the soil analysis of 30 locations of Indonesian paddy fields taken randomly reported that 68% of them have C-organic content of less than 1.5% and only 9% had levels of more than 2% [3]. Crop residue management becomes very important in the aspect of long-term soil fertility in a cropping pattern
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