Impact of Nigella Sativa, Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Chromium Picolinate on NF-κB /leptin-insulin Axis in Obese Subjects with Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Noha M Shafik ,Salah Mohamed El Sayed ,Loai Mohammed El-Ahwal ,Sherine Ragab Shafik ,Hussam Baghdadi ,Reham A Mariah ,Nassar Ayoub Abdellatif Omar

doi:10.12691/ajmbr-3-6-1

Abstract

Background: The global problem of obesity epidemic involves an increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) whereby oxidative stress induces fibrogenesis. Objectives: to assess the coordinated impact of obesity management strategy on nuclear factor kappa beta/p65 mRNA expression and biochemical parameters of oxidative stress, glycemic status and adipokines. Subjects and methods: This study was carried out on 60 subjects classified into, 15 normal healthy controls (group І) and 45 obese subjects who were divided equally into three groups: obese subjects with NAFLD (group ІІ), obese subjects who received natural product supplements (nigella sativa, green tea andchromium picolinate) (groupІІІ),obese subjects who received omega-3 fatty acids (group ІV) andthose who received caloric restricted diet (CRD) and exercise for 6 months. All groups were subjected to measurement of body mass index, waist to hip ratio (WHR), spectrophotometric measurement of serum levels of glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (AOC%), NF-κB /P65 subunit expression levels by real time-PCR in peripheral bloodmononuclear cells, estimation of levels of insulin, insulin like growth factor-1, leptin, adiponectin, fibronectin and oxidized LDL by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays. Results: There was a significant decrease inNF-κB/p65 mRNA expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, reduction in the levels of oxLDL, decreased insulin resistance and decreased leptin resistance which might be linked to hypoadiponectinemia. Levels of (AOC %) were significantly elevated after treatment. This was evident alongside reduction of BMI, WHR and fibrogenic potential in NAFLD. Conclusion: natural product supplements, CRD and exercise ameliorated the fibrogenic and atherogenic consequences of immune-inflammatory and oxidative stress-induced pathological mechanisms associated with obesity.

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