Abstract
The increasing global demand for energy necessitates devoted attention to the formulation and exploration of mechanisms of thermal heat exchangers to explore and save heat energy. Thus, innovative thermal transport fluids require to boost thermal conductivity and heat flow features to upsurge convection heat rate, and nanofluids have been effectively employed as standard heat transfer fluids. With such intention, herein, we formulated and developed the constitutive flow laws by utilizing the Rossland diffusion approximation and Stephen’s law along with the MHD effect. The mathematical formulation is based on boundary layer theory pioneered by Prandtl. Governing nonlinear partial differential flow equations are changed to ODEs via the implementation of the similarity variables. A well-known computational algorithm BVPh2 has been utilized for the solution of the nonlinear system of ODEs. The consequence of innumerable physical parameters on flow field, thermal distribution, and solutal field, such as magnetic field, Lewis number, velocity parameter, Prandtl number, drag force, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number, is plotted via graphs. Finally, numerical consequences are compared with the homotopic solution as a limiting case, and an exceptional agreement is found.
Highlights
Nanofluid has gained considerable attention from researchers, engineers, scientists, and mathematicians due to its significant implementations in diverse fields of sciences. ese applications cover the following areas: chemical engineering, space science, nuclear science, solar energy collection, and several other areas. e nanofluid applications can be employed in other realworld problems which include engine oils, heat exchangers, and thermal conductivity [1]. e word nanofluid is considered to incorporate small nanoparticles whose dimension is up to 1–100 nm in the base liquid; biofluid, lubricants, oil, and ethylene are the common examples of nanofluids [2]
Chamkha et al [4] examined radiation effects on mixed convection in view of the vertical cone embedded in the porous medium with the nanoliquid. e influence of hydromagnetic free convective and heat transfer was analyzed by Sheikholeslami et al [5]. e consequences of MHD flow and viscous dissipation on the momentum boundary layer of the nanoliquid were evaluated by Abbas and Sayed [6]. e hydromagnetic flow of nanofluids over a revolving disk was reported by Mahanthesh et al [7]
Using Buongiorno’s model, Shehzad et al [12] examined the effect of convective heat flow of the nanoliquid
Summary
Us, innovative thermal transport fluids require to boost thermal conductivity and heat flow features to upsurge convection heat rate, and nanofluids have been effectively employed as standard heat transfer fluids. With such intention, we formulated and developed the constitutive flow laws by utilizing the Rossland diffusion approximation and Stephen’s law along with the MHD effect. A well-known computational algorithm BVPh2 has been utilized for the solution of the nonlinear system of ODEs. e consequence of innumerable physical parameters on flow field, thermal distribution, and solutal field, such as magnetic field, Lewis number, velocity parameter, Prandtl number, drag force, Nusselt number, and Sherwood number, is plotted via graphs. Numerical consequences are compared with the homotopic solution as a limiting case, and an exceptional agreement is found
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