Abstract
The paper presents ways of suppressing weed plants, including a complex of agricultural practices aimed at reducing their harmful effects and further distribution. Many methods to control weed vegetation are known in the field cultivation technology. They differ in terms of the amount of expired costs and labor, economic and technical efficiency. As a result of our research, the impact of some tillage methods on the effectiveness of weed suppression on the main field crops in selected Kabardino-Balkaria natural climatic conditions is identified. The goal of the research is to determine the effectiveness of main tillage methods on the Ciscaucasian carbonate chernozems in different zones of the republic. In research conducted in 2015-2018 in the Kabardino-Balkaria steppe zone in crop rotation, with an alternation of maize-winter wheat-pea crops in the suppression of weed plants, a soil treatment system is allocated when the soil treatment on 12-14cm is combined with plowing to a depth of 25-28 cm with the use of related chemical herbicides of various spectrum of actions.
Highlights
One of the main problems of the agricultural industry worldwide is the harmful effects of the weed-field community on agricultural crops
Weed control techniques for maize, winter wheat and peas should consist of basic and preharvest tillage, use of herbicides and their combinations in different periods - summer-autumn, growing season, which makes it possible to reduce the pollution of crops with a high technical effect
The use of cultural (25-28 cm) and minimum (12-15 cm) tillage as the main tillage produces the highest yield of the seasonal crop rotation
Summary
One of the main problems of the agricultural industry worldwide is the harmful effects of the weed-field community on agricultural crops. Without proper science-based control, it is meaningless to undertake activities aimed at increasing and maintaining soil fertility, protecting crops from known pathogens, pests [8, 9]. The effectiveness of different methods of weed suppression on agricultural crops in our earlier studies has been thoroughly studied and found application in agricultural products of different forms of ownership of Kabardino-Balkaria [1, 2]. It should be noted that at present, there are still problems of soil cultivation aimed at the principles of resource and energy conservation.
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