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Abstract
This paper approaches the evaluation of intelligent agents for the reduction and avoidance of spontaneous traffic jams, which arise without evident reason. Individual vehicles are regarded as intelligent agents that act autonomously. The basis of this work is the Nagel-Schreckenberg (NaSch) model. Its extensions by the velocity-dependent randomization (VDR) model and multiple lanes allow us to simulate realistic traffic and congestion situations on two-lane motorways. Our concept is applied to the model and analyzed by fundamental diagrams and the average velocity, for example. The results of this paper reveal that traffic congestions are avoided when using swarm intelligence in all vehicles since human behavior, especially misbehavior, is eliminated and the velocities determined by the intelligent vehicle are directly realized. Moreover, an amount of 30% of intelligent vehicles has a significantly positive impact on traffic flow.
Highlights
Climate change is a defining keyword of our time
As we aim to investigate the formation of spontaneous traffic jams on motorways, we have to integrate a second traffic lane and introduce lane changing rules [6]
This paper investigates the influence of intelligent vehicles on the development of congestion
Summary
Climate change is a defining keyword of our time. The reduction of carbon dioxide emissions plays a fundamental role here. Compared to pre-industrial times before 1750, CO2 concentration has increased by 40% due to human activity [1]. The main cause of greenhouse gas is the combustion of fossil fuels from which a significant amount is attributable to road traffic [2]. The reduction of vehicle emissions is, essential for climate protection. A high proportion of CO2 emissions are caused by traffic congestions
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