Impact of image-guided surgical techniques in complex bone reconstruction for maxillofacial fractures

Abstract

Maxillofacial fractures present complex surgical challenges that require precise reconstruction techniques. Image-guided surgical methods, including computer navigation and 3D imaging, are increasingly used to improve surgical outcomes, yet selecting the optimal modality remains difficult due to the varying benefits of each technology. The databases used in the current research include, but are not limited to, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for article searches. Controlling for sources of bias, the review selected publications on image-guided surgical approaches to managing craniofacial fractures. Studies were identified based on the following criteria: methodology, relevance and patient-oriented results. Thus, analytical categories were developed to evaluate the results, including surgical meticulousness, complication incidences healing, and overall patient satisfaction. The research shows that the availability of enhanced imaging tools and navigation, including CT-nav, 3D-image ster, and intra-operative CBCT, enhances surgical precision and diagnostic accuracy. Preoperative planning repeatability when using CAN was up to 86.5%, and the need for revisions in maxillofacial trauma patients was reduced. Research on computation mirroring for navigation found differences between 0.12 mm, revealing enhanced surgery accuracy. Evaluations of image-guided techniques indicate their advantage over other methods in maxillofacial fracture operations in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Even nowadays, they provide significant improvements in patients’ treatment and surgical precision despite certain shortcomings in terms of technology and availability. Further studies need to consider enhancements to the navigation systems and consider cost benefits, depending on the type of setting in which the patient is located.