Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health of orthodontic patients with supportive periodontal therapy in a 3 month follow-up. The sample comprised 20 patients (mean age 20.6 ± 8.1 years) in treatment with multibracket fixed appliances (fixed group—FG) and 20 patients (mean age 34.7 ± 12.5 years) in treatment with clear aligners (clear aligners group—CAG). At baseline (T0) and after 3 months (T1), probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), and gingival recession (REC) were measured. Patients were trained to perform an individualized tooth brushing technique, and every 2 weeks they were re-called to reinforce the oral hygiene instructions. The intra-group comparisons (T1 vs. T0) were calculated with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, while a linear regression model was used for the inter-group comparisons (FG vs. CAG). The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Statistically significant decrease in both groups was found for PD (FG: Δ, −9.2 inter-quartile range (IQR), −22.5, −5.5; CAG: Δ, −12.6 IQR, −25.4, −4.8), BOP (FG: Δ, −53.5 IQR, −70.5, −37; CAG: Δ, −37.5 IQR, −54.5, −23), and PI (FG: Δ, −17.5 IQR, −62.5, 14.5; CAG: Δ, −24 IQR, −49.5, −5). The result of the linear regression models suggested that the type of appliance did not have any effects on the improvement of periodontal variables. Therefore, patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances and clear aligners did not show differences in gingival health when followed by a dental hygienist.
Highlights
The main etiological factor in the development of gingivitis is the supragingival dental plaque along the gingival margin
bleeding on probing (BOP) was significantly increased in the FG as compared with
The present study aimed to evaluate the periodontal health of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic and clear aligner therapy with a supportive periodontal therapy after a 3 month orthodontic and clear aligner therapy with a supportive periodontal therapy after a 3 month follow-up
Summary
The main etiological factor in the development of gingivitis is the supragingival dental plaque along the gingival margin. The inflammatory change of supragingival plaque is a strong predisposing factor for disease progression. Gingivitis does not always progress to periodontitis, periodontitis is always preceded by gingivitis [1,2]. Periodontal diseases are very common problems in children, adolescents, and adults. Among school children from primary school, almost 55% of individuals experienced some periodontal problems [3]. Epidemiological studies revealed a prevalence range of 35%–41% for moderate periodontitis and of 10%–41% for severe periodontitis [4,5]. It has been reported that the prevalence of aggressive and advanced forms of periodontitis is 10%–14% and it increases in the age groups from 35–44 years.
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