Abstract
Power-inversion (PI) adaptive arrays are widely used in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers for interference mitigation. The effects of element patterns on the performance of PI adaptive arrays are investigated in this paper. To this end, the performance of adaptive arrays is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations, using CST Microwave Studio (Dassault Systems, Vélizy-Villacoublay, France) to calculate the radiation patterns of circular microstrip elements which are used to compute the adaptive weight and the adaptive array gain. It is shown that the performance of PI adaptive arrays is mainly dependent on the gain pattern of the reference antenna element rather than the non-reference elements because the algorithm essentially pushes the elements into an unequal position. Furthermore, the results show that the impact of mutual coupling on the performance of the antenna array can be associated with the radiation patterns of the reference element, which is helpful in selecting the optimum reference element without increasing computational complexity, especially for small GNSS arrays.
Highlights
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) adaptive antenna arrays have been acknowledged to be one of the most effective anti-interference options [1]
We investigate the effects of the element radiation patterns on the performance of the adaptive array; in particular, we focus on the adaptive array gain
As shown in Equation (13), besides the array factor, the adaptive array gain is mainly dependent on the radiation pattern characteristics of the reference element and may be influenced by the extent to which element patterns change compared to the reference pattern
Summary
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) adaptive antenna arrays have been acknowledged to be one of the most effective anti-interference options [1]. A comprehensive understanding of the impact of antenna element patterns on adaptive array performance is helpful in designing more effective antenna arrays. We investigate the effects of the element radiation patterns on the performance of the adaptive array; in particular, we focus on the adaptive array gain. We show that if mutual coupling deteriorates the reference element radiation pattern of a PI adaptive antenna array, the adaptive array performance will be considerably degraded. This finding provides inspirations to design better geometries, especially for small GNSS adaptive arrays, and helps in choosing an optimum reference element to improve the performance of the array.
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