Impact of Different Extraction Methods on Furanosesquiterpenoids Content and Antibacterial Activity of Commiphora myrrha Resin.

Ali S Alqahtani,Rashed N Herqash,Md Tabish Rehman,Mohamed F Alajmi,Abdelaaty A Shahat,Fahd A Nasr,Omar M Noman,Pablo Richter

doi:10.1155/2021/5525173

Abstract

The oleo-gum-resin of Commiphora myrrha is one of the most known natural antimicrobial agents, mainly due to its furanosesquiterpenes. A validated method based on sample extraction by matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) followed by high-performance column chromatography (HPLC) determination is applied to analyze two furanosesquiterpenoids, namely, 2-methoxyfuranodiene (CM-1) and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene (CM-2), existing in C. myrrha. The trial parameters that controlled the extraction prospective were studied and optimized. These include the nature of dispersant, mass ratio of sample to the dispersant, and the volume of elution solvent. A comparative antimicrobial study that used the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Assay (MIC) method between MSPD, ultrasonic, and Soxhlet of myrrh extracts was also conducted. The optimal MSPD parameters used were (i) 15 mL of methanol applied as elution solvent; (ii) silica gel/sample mass at a 2 : 1 ratio; and (iii) a dispersing sorbent selected as silica gel. Technique retrievals were regulated from 96.87% to 100.54%, with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 1.24% to 4.45%. Commiphora myrrha-MSPD (CM-MSPD) extract showed the highest antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (156.25 μg/mL and 312.5 μg/mL, respectively) and antifungal activity (156.25 μg/mL). Yields acquired through the MSPD technique were larger than yields from other extraction techniques (sonication and traditional reflux extraction methods) with less consumption of time, sample, and solvent. The mode of antibacterial action of CM-1 and CM-2 was elucidated by performing molecular docking with bacterial DNA gyrase. Both the compounds interacted with key residues of DNA gyrase.

Highlights

Introduction e medicinal plant Commiphora myrrha produces the aromatic oleo-gum-resin, known as myrrh. e genus Commiphora include over 150 species of trees and shrubs located mainly in Africa, India, Yemen, and the southern regions of Saudi Arabia
The influence of variations of 2-methoxyfuranodiene and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene content on the biological properties of seventeen commercial samples of Commiphora myrrha showed variability in furanosesquiterpenoids content (CM-1 and CM-2) with highest antioxidant activity for samples collected from Saudi Arabia Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry
Repeatability and intermediate precision of the methods were expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD). e %relative standard deviations (RSDs) in the repeatability test was in the range of 0.28%–3.91% for CM-1 and 0.29%–1.05% for CM-2, respectively. e corresponding intermediate precision ranges were 0.36%–4.00% and 0.45%–1.15% (Table 2). e assay provided satisfactory results as the overall %RSD values for both intra- and interday tests were less than 4.00%, which indicates that the developed method was in accordance with required specifications

Summary

Introduction

Introduction e medicinal plantCommiphora myrrha (family Burseraceae) produces the aromatic oleo-gum-resin, known as myrrh. e genus Commiphora include over 150 species of trees and shrubs located mainly in Africa, India, Yemen, and the southern regions of Saudi Arabia. [1]. Hundreds of phytochemicals of myrrh were identified and examined for various therapeutic activities since the plant was discovered [2]. 2-methoxyfuranodiene (CM1) and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene (CM2), were previously isolated and identified from the ethanolic extract of myrrh [4]. The influence of variations of 2-methoxyfuranodiene and 2-acetoxyfuranodiene content on the biological properties of seventeen commercial samples of Commiphora myrrha showed variability in furanosesquiterpenoids content (CM-1 and CM-2) with highest antioxidant activity for samples collected from Saudi Arabia. Erefore, simple, effective, and rapid techniques are necessary for the extraction of these two major phytochemical constituents (i.e., 2-methoxyfuranodiene and 2acetoxyfuranodiene). MSPD has been recently used as an alternative to customary extraction techniques for extricating constituents from therapeutic plants [7,8,9,10,11]. Zhang et al as well as AlZain et al.’s methods of extraction were followed and adopted [12, 13]

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