Impact of coordination training on the development of speed among young judokas from 10 to 12 years old

Movement-based games (MBGs) are considered an effective means of physical education, especially in developing physical fitness among preschool children. The purpose of this study is to evaluate their effectiveness in enhancing the physical qualities of children aged 5–6 years. A total of 60 healthy children aged 5–6 were randomly selected and divided into two groups: an experimental group (EG) with 30 children, who participated in movement-based games designed by the research team, and a control group (CG) with 30 children, who followed the school's standard physical activity program. This study employed six criteria to assess the development of physical fitness qualities in 5–6-year-old children, including: 18-meter sprint; dominant-hand distance throw; standing long jump; ball bouncing and catching; one-leg balance; and a 75-second endurance run. The results after 12 weeks of applying MBGs show that the experimental group achieved higher growth rates across all six physical fitness tests compared to the control group. Among these, the throwing and catching ball test showed the highest improvement at 35.17%, while the standing long jump recorded the lowest increase at 8.66%. Although the control group also exhibited some changes in physical qualities between the pre-test and post-test, these differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). These results demonstrate that the use of movement-based games (MBGs) is more effective in improving children’s physical fitness than the current educational program. We recommend actively integrating MBGs into the teaching process to enhance the quality of physical education in preschools.

Purpose: theoretically and experimentally substantiate the model of the development of physical qualities of karatekas in the conditions of the training process in a sports school. Material and methods: young men (25 people) of 10th - 11th grades of Lutsk secondary schools took part in the study. Research methods: data analysis of special scientific and methodical literature, pedagogical methods, methods of mathematical statistics. Results: each training block includes 3 test exercises that were included in the karate training process. First and after the block was included in the training process, the young men, who were engaged in the experimental group, performed tests, and the results were collected. The results of the conducted pedagogical experiment revealed the effectiveness of the proposed model for the development of physical qualities of karatekas in the training process. Analysis of the data characterizing the state of physical fitness and physical development allows us to state that there is a significant improvement in indicators in the experimental group as compared to the control group.
 The results obtained, both in general and with special physical fitness in the experimental group, show that significant differences are observed in the tests: "running in place with a high hip lift", "running from a high start to 30 meters", "bending forward from a position lying on his stomach”,“raising straight legs to the sides”, “raising straight arms up while lying on his stomach”, “shuttle”running 3x10 m, “jumping with 180º rotation”, “three forward turns while maintaining balance”. In terms of physical readiness indicators in the experimental group, the results are higher than in the control group. The increase in results in the test "running in place with a high hip lift" was 17.88 % in the experimental group, 6.6 % - in the control; in the test "running 30 meters" - 14.4 % - in the experimental group, in the control group - 4.8 %; in the test "lifting from parterre to standing" - 30.8 % - in the experimental group, 7.9 % - in the control; in the test "bending forward from a sitting position, legs apart" - 25.0 % - in the experimental group, 93.0 % in the control; in the test "dilution of straight legs to the sides" - 35.0 % in the experimental group, 17.4 % - in the control; in the test "raising arms up from a prone position" - 43.6 % in the experimental group, 19.7 % in the control group.
 These tests determined those physical qualities that were purposefully developed in the training process of the experimental group separately according to the developed block model of the development of physical qualities. In terms of physical development, significant differences are observed in the experimental group in the indicator - the strength of the right and left hand, where the increase in results is 7.9 %, respectively; in the control group, there is an increase in the indicator of the strength of the right hand - 1.3 %. Conclusions: training blocks are implemented in one of three parts of training sessions, depending on the quality being developed, based on the active use of the in-line method of motor actions fulfillment and includes specially selected complexes of test exercises aimed at speed, flexibility, dexterity. The development of physical qualities among karatekas in the traini ng process provides effective indicators of physical fitness, testifies to the feasibility of using the proposed model to improve the process of physical training in sports schools.

The Relevance of the Research topic lies in the current stage of development of physical education in schools, characterized by the need to update content, constant search for effective methods to develop physical qualities, and the integration of innovations into physical education classes and extracurricular activities. One such innovation is aerial acrobatics and pole sports, which have gained popularity as forms of motor activity influencing students' interest in physical exercise and the development of physical qualities. The Purpose and Methods of the Research were to experimentally assess the impact of a comprehensive physical and technical training program in aerial acrobatics and pole sports on flexibility and power endurance development. The study employed analysis and synthesis of literature, pedagogical experimentation, and methods of mathematical statistics. The Results revealed improvements in flexibility indicators during «Bridge» exercises, changing from 45,07±5,42 cm to 37,13±3,79 cm; «Longitudinal split on the right» from -2,53±2,31 cm to 4,33±1,03 cm; «Left longitudinal split» from -4,7±1,47 cm to 4,47±1,17 cm; and «Lumbar split» from -5,6±1,83 cm to -2,73±1,39 cm. A statistically significant difference was observed at p<0.05. Similar improvements were found in power endurance development, with statistically significant differences between experimental group (EG) and control group (CG) indicators. For instance, during the «Bending and extending the arms in a supine position» exercise, EG indicators improved from 21,93±1,2 times to 33,13±1,14 times, and the time of maintaining body position in the supine position changed from 125,33±11,66 s to 288,0±18,18 s (p<0,05). In Conclusion, it has been established that a comprehensive program of physical and technical training incorporating aerial acrobatics and pole sports, which includes general and specialized exercises along with technical training, is more effective and positively impacts the development of flexibility and strength endurance. This is evidenced by the statistically significant improvement in these physical qualities among the experimental group (EG) girls compared to the control group (CG) across all parameters studied.

Actuality. Physical education lessons in school have several objectives, but among the basic ones are the provision of the harmonious physical development of the body, the preservation and strengthening of the students' health, the prevention of fatigue and hypokinesis, etc. The systematic and consistent implementation of a well-thought-out educational program can bring certain benefits to the body's physical well-being and its external appearance. Physical education serves as the main source of improving health and the level of physical development of the body. Physical education lessons are an inseparable part of the instructional-educational process, which contribute to improving the level of physical development of students and improving the functionality of the body. They positively influence the functions of the motor analyzer. These effects appear not only in students - athletes, but also in students who actively practice physical exercises during physical education lessons, in the process of individual activities. Unfortunately, contemporary students lead a sedentary way of life, and the lack of movement leaves a bad mark on the physical well-being and harmony of the body's development. Depending on their general motor skills, on their way of life, students can have a harmonious, disharmonious or acutely disharmonious physical development. The harmonious physical growth and development of students is an indicator of their physical well-being, health status, and Hypothesis: we assumed that physical education lessons in which different training methods are used, which differ in content, can have a different impact on the annual dynamics of the indicators of physical development of students and the degree of harmony in their somatic development. The purpose of the research: establishing the annual dynamics of the physical development indicators of 10-11-year-old students through the prism of different methods of organizing physical education lessons. Objectives of the study: 1. Establishing indicators of the physical development of 10-11 year old students and assessing their annual dynamics. 2. Appreciation of the harmony of the physical development of the students' body. 3. Comparative analysis of the results obtained depending on the method of organizing physical education lessons. Research methodology. The research was carried out in school no. 152 in the municipality of Chisinau on a sample of 30 students aged 10-11 years, selected from the fourth grade students. The students from the control group (boys) (n=14) participated in the physical education lessons organized according to the school curriculum, and the students from the experimental group (boys) (n=14) - in the lessons in which the circuit training method was used . In order to assess the physical development of students in the 4th grade, we used the data from the student's Health Passport, and in some cases (absence of data) they were established in the following way:disharmony is a risk factor for the individual. During the year, the body mass of the students in the experimental group increased by 1,41 kg, and those in the control group by 3,22 kg (P<0,05), which is 1,8 kg more. From the above, we can assume that the physical education lessons conducted according to the circuit training method contribute to the intensification of the metabolic processes in the students' body and to the maintenance of lower body mass values, compared to those established in the control group. Body waist. The values recorded during the initial testing of the boys from the control and experimental groups were, respectively, 135,25+/-1,92 and 134,54+/-1,33 cm, which does not represent a significant difference from a mathematical-statistical point of view (P> 0,05). They confirm that both groups did not differ significantly by body waist level. Towards the end of the year, the average value of body waist was 137,81+/-1,17cm in the control group and 138,85+/-1,71cm in the experimental group, which is, respectively, 2,56 and 4,31cm more, compared with the initial values. For the control group, this increase is statistically insignificant ((P>0,05), and for the experimental group it means an essential increase in the researched index (P<0,05), which is probably due to the stimulating influence of physical education lessons organized based on the method of circuit training on the increase in length of long tubular bones, including the lower limbs. According to the bibliographic data, physical exercises corresponding to the physiological possibilities of the body stimulate the division of cartilaginous cells from the epiphyses of long tubular bones and positively influences body size. Chest girth. At the initial testing, the average values of the respective indicator were, respectively, 60,20+/-1,55 and 61,21+/-1,93 cm for the control group and the experimental group, which did not differ significantly (P>0,05) in terms of mathematical-statistical point of view. At the final testing, the group mean values for both groups registered significant progress, reaching figures of 64,5+/-1,88 cm in the control group and 67,61+/-1,54 cm in the experimental group. These values are, respectively, 4,3 cm (P<0,01) and 6,4 cm (P<0,001) higher than the initial figures, which indicates that the chest circumference of the boys in the experimental group increased more, compared to that of the students in the control group, a fact that can be explained by the beneficial effect of training lessons on chest development. We could assume that these changes occurred as a result of the development of the respiratory system, including due to the increase in the vital capacity of the lungs, but also thanks to the development of the chest muscles, which were involved in performing various motor acts. Chest elasticity results from the difference in the values of the chest circumference during a deep inspiration and expiration. The higher it is, the better the morphological and functional state of the respiratory and neuromuscular system. Starting from this finding and analyzing the average values of this index at the initial testing, we determined that in the control group it was 5,45 +/- 1,13 cm, and in the experimental group 5,12 +/- 1,08 cm, the difference being statistically insignificant (P>0,05). At the end of the school year, the respective values improved, but in a different way: in the control group the increase was 0,55 cm, being insignificant, compared to the initial data (P>0,05), and in the experimental group it reached to the figure of 2,86cm, which is significantly more (t=2,65; P<0,05) in relation to the average figures established at the initial testing. There is a true difference between the results of the control group and the experimental group, established at the final test (t=2,06; P<0,05), which indicates that chest elasticity is an informative index for assessing the biological influence of the lessons organized based on circuit training method on 10-11 year old students. We believe that the progress of the physical development of the students in the experimental group is the result of the effective physical activity of the students in the physical education lesson organized according to the circuit training method. Harmony of physical development. At the beginning of the school year, the distribution of the boys in the control group in terms of the harmony of the physical development of the body is uneven. hus, the share of harmoniously developed students is only 48%, and the rest, 52%, have an inharmonious or acutely inharmonious development. At the end of the experiment, which coincides with the end of the school year, the share of harmoniously developed boys from the control group reaches 50%, and the share of acutely inharmoniously developed boys reaches 21%, being 3% higher than at the beginning of the year. At the beginning of the school year, the structure of the experimental group does not differ significantly from that of the control group. Harmony of physical development, demonstrates that the circuit training method used in physical education lessons has a beneficial role in the harmonious somatic development of students. Conclusions and recommendations: 1. Analyzing as a whole the physical development indicators of the boys from both groups in annual dynamics, we find that the physical development of the boys from the experimental group, who participated in the physical education lessons organized according to the circuit training method, presents certain advantages compared to that of the students from the control group, organized according to the school curriculum. They are expressed by the significant increase in the average values of the investigated indicators at the end of the school year, compared to the initial data, which refers to the indices of body waist, chest circumference and chest elasticity. 2. Thoracic elasticity is an informative index for assessing the biological influence of physical education lessons organized based on the circuit training method on the physical development of 10-11 year old students. 3. At the end of the school year, the share of harmoniously developed students in the experimental group is 60%, and in the control group - only 50%, being correspondingly increased by 13 and 2%, in relation to the initial figures, for which reason we recommend the inclusion of lessons with training character in the instructional-didactic process with 10-11 year old students.

This study aims to determine the effect of the drill method in improving the badminton long serve skills of PB Macan Tunggal club members. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a one group pretest and posttest design. The subjects used in this study were 30 members of the PB Macan Tunggal club. Sampling used Total Sampling and Ordinal Pairing by grouping the samples into two groups. The first group was the experimental group which was given treatment, while the control group was not given any treatment. The implementation phase of this study provided an initial test to find out the initial data from each sample using the badminton long serve measurement test. Furthermore, treatment was given using a drill with a net target and a field target drill which was carried out for 14 meetings and finally given a final exam to find out the final sample data. The experimental group's frequency distribution data includes an average initial test of 20.47, a final test of 34.93, a minimum initial test, a final test of 17, a maximum of 21 initial tests, a posttest of 25, a final test of 45 Std. The initial test deviation is 2,416, the final test is 7,245. The frequency distribution data for the control group includes an average initial test of 37.73, a posttest of 64.47, a minimum initial test of 26, a final test, a maximum pretest of 55, a final test of 80 Std. The deviation from the initial test is 8,787 to the final test is 10,769. By meeting the requirements of the homogeneity test and normality test, data analysis employed the t test. test. The results of the t-test in the experimental group obtained a significance value of 0.00 <0.05. Then the results of the t-test in the control group obtained a significance value of 0.00 <0.05. So it was concluded that there was an effect of increasing the long service badminton service on members of the single tiger PB club.

Aim. The article deals with developing the method for teaching young boxers the technique of changing movement direction keeping the fighting stance aimed at the opponent. Materials and methods. We examined 32 boys aged 12–13 in their first year in boxing. We simulated the most effective ways of exercise performance. Experts assessed the technique of sidestep movement from the initial fighting stance using a 5-point scale and calculated the integral coordination indicator (ICI) in accordance with the method of Bulkin, Popova, and Saburova. All participants were divided into the control and experimental groups. The control group continued to follow traditional training methods, the experimental group followed the program developed by the authors. The initial data did not demonstrate significant difference. The second test was performed in 9 months. Results. In boxing, the stance should be maintained during the whole fight. While moving around the ring, legs should not be put together, put in a line or crossed. The first step is to be done with the leg, which is closer to movement direction. During the final test, the results in the experimental and control groups have improved significantly in comparison with initial values. However, the results of boxers from the experimental group were significantly higher than those of boxers from the control group (U = 1.5) (р ? 0.01). The final data for the integral coordination indicator prove that in the experimental group the results have significantly improved in comparison with the initial data. In the control group, the indicators obtained have not significantly changed. There are indicators, which belong to the group of a very good result (25 % in the control group, 75 % in the experimental group). Conclusion. The experimental method for teaching young boxers the technique of moving around the ring taking into account the asymmetry of the stance is significantly more effective in comparison with traditional methods. This method is easy to use, it allows the athlete to quickly change movement direction and preserve an optimal initial position. Consistent steps and substantial bearing area facilitate both punches and defense. This allows the stance to be dynamic.

This study aims to develop a multimedia-based learning model of badminton theory and practice. The method used in this research is research and development with 10 steps Borg & Gall. The subjects consisted of 3 experts (badminton, learning, multimedia) and 150 students at three universities that have sports science faculties in West Java. Based on the results of expert validation, the product developed is suitable for use and has been proven to be effective in improving students' badminton skills. Based on the Paired Sample Test, it can be seen that only two Control groups (B and C) have Sig values. (2-Tailed) is more than 0.05 (2-tailed> 0.05) so that in this result it can be stated that Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected, which means that in control groups (B and C) there is no difference in the average initial test scores with the final test. Thus, it can be stated that there is no effect of treatment on improving student badminton learning outcomes. Meanwhile, Pired 1, 4, 5, and 6 (four groups) have Sig values. (2-Tailed) is less than 0.05 (Sig. (2-Tailed) <0.05) so that in this result it can be stated that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is a difference in the results of the initial test and the final test. Thus, it can be stated that there is an effect of treatment on improving student badminton learning outcomes. Based on the Equal variances assumed section values it is known as Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.039 <0.05, thus Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, which means that there is a difference in the average test results of the control group and the experimental group. Based on the statistical results of the T test, it can be seen that between the control group and the experimental group there is a significant difference in the results of the final test. This shows that the developed model which was implemented as a treatment for the experimental group, has a better effect than the control group. However, in the control group, of the three groups, there was one group whose paired t test results showed a significant difference between the initial test and the final test. This is something that is beyond the prediction of the researcher, because there are other factors that may influence this achievement outside the variables studied.

Abstract. Purpose of the study – to identify factors that enhance the motivation of women in the first period of mature age to engage in strength-oriented fitness activities. Material and methods of the study. The research was conducted in Vinnytsia at the Fitness Time fitness club. A total of 44 women aged 25-35 years, who had been engaged in fitness training for 3 to 6 months, participated in the study. They were divided into two equal groups. For 5 months, women from both the control and experimental groups attended group strength-oriented fitness programs three times a week. The difference was that the experimental group was exposed to specially developed motivational enhancement methods. Methods: analysis of scientific and methodological literature, sociological research methods such as questionnaires and testing. Results. The results of the study showed that among the health-related motives of women, the leading factors were: development of physical qualities – 66.1 %, improvement of functional capabilities of the body – 59.7 %, enhancement of professional performance – 49.8 %, posture correction – 38.9 %, and improvement of psycho-emotional state – 64.4 %. This indicates the predominance of pragmatic and health-oriented motives in the respondents’ motivational structure. Moreover, women in the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher levels of self-esteem (54 %), need for self-realization (41.5 %), satisfaction from communication and leisure with like-minded individuals (40.7 %), and willingness to establish new social contacts (39.3 %) compared to participants of the control group. After the repeated administration of the “WAM” (Well-being, Activity, Mood) test, it was found that the indicators of well-being, activity, and mood among the women in the experimental group ranged from 50 to 54 points, which is considered a high rating, unlike the control group, where the average score was 37 points. Conclusions. The study identified effective strategies for increasing women’s engagement in regular fitness activities, which can be implemented through active cooperation between fitness instructors and methodologists. The results expand the scientific understanding of motivational factors influencing women in the first period of mature age to participate in strength-oriented fitness training and can be used to optimize physical and wellness programs in fitness clubs.

The Effectiveness of a Human Patient Simulator in the ATLS Shock Skills Station

Nowadays sports success has become more than improving technique, medicine has long been a complementary science technology that improved sports performance. In our study we analyzed the importance of functional training in the military pentathlon at the 50 m swimming with obstacles. The scientific methods used were the observation method and also the experiment method in which we tested two samples of military students both consisted in 30 students with the age between 18-22 years old, the first group were the experiment group that practice the military pentathlon and the second group – the control group – were simple military students. The results showed significant statistical differences between the experiment group compared with the control group at the final testing, the students from the experiment group had better results in the respiratory rate and vital capacity both compared with the control group and also between the initial and final test. Conclusions of the research showed that the training program implemented at the experiment group has improved significant from the initial to the final test and also compared with the control group.

Purpose of the Study: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of integrated Turkish and science activities in the preschool period on children's environmental perception. Materials and Methods: A mixed-method approach was used in the research. In the qualitative dimension of the mixed method, a phenomenological design was employed, while in the quantitative dimension, a quasi-experimental design was used. The sample of the study consists of 20 children, with 10 children in the experimental group and 10 children in the control group. As the first stage of the experimental procedure, children in both the experimental and control groups were asked to draw an environment picture, and one-on-one interviews were conducted with the children regarding their drawings. The drawings were evaluated using a Draw An Environment Test-Rubric (DAET-R) and were attempted to be transformed into qualitative form with yellow and blue color tones. Additionally, the children's rubric scores were transferred to the SPSS 23 package program, and necessary analyses were conducted. In the implementation part of the study, nine integrated Turkish and science activities were applied to the experimental group over a period of nine weeks. A different illustrated children's book was used in each activity, and the activities were developed within the framework of these books. The control group, on the other hand, continued with the daily educational routines included in the preschool education program. As the final stage of the experimental part, children in both the experimental and control groups were asked to draw another environment picture, and one-on-one interviews were conducted with the children regarding their drawings. Findings: In the final tests of the experimental group, there was an increase in figures related to the environment in the drawings. It was found that the final test drawings of the children in the experimental group were related to the illustrated books used in the integrated activities. Significant differences were detected in the final tests of the experimental and control groups through statistical tests. Key Points: As a result of the study, it was determined that the change in environmental perception of the children in the experimental group, where integrated Turkish and science activities developed with illustrated children's books were applied, progressed more prominently compared to the children in the control group.

Objectives • To assess the intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among the control group. • To assess the effectiveness of ambulation on intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among the experimental group. • To assess the usefulness of ambulation by opinionnaire among experimental group. • To compare the effectiveness of ambulation on the intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among experimental and control groups. • To find an association between the intensity of labor pain with selected demographic variables. Materials and methods An experimental research approach was used for the study. Random sampling technique was used to allocate the subjects into experimental and control groups. Visual analog scale was used to assess the intensity of pain and observational check list was used to assess the outcome of labor. The study comprised of 40 primigravida mothers and they were grouped as experimental and control through randomization. One group received ambulation treatment, the other did not. The researcher then observed the groups to determine the effect of the treatment. Results The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The intensity of pain revealed that 40% in the experimental and 55% in the control groups experienced severe pain. The labor augmentation revealed that both oxytocin and cerviprime gel was used for 30% in the experimental and 35% in the control groups. On the mode of delivery, majority of mothers (60%) had normal vaginal delivery both in experimental and control groups. On the duration of the first stage of labor revealed that 50% in the experimental and 20% in the control groups were between 10 to 12 hours. Second stage of labor revealed that majority were between 1 and 2 hours in both the control and experimental groups. The opinion of experimental group mothers on ambulation revealed that half of the mothers (50%) agreed for recommending the ambulation for their neighbors and friends and less than half (35%) of them have agreed for comfort during first stage of labor and 40% of them have agreed for ambulation should be made as a routine in labor room. In the experimental group, mean pain score (6.8) is less than the control group (7.5). The calculated Mann-Whitney Z-value (2.045) is greater than the Z α-value of 1.960 at 0.05 level of significance. In the experimental group, the mean duration of first stage of labor score (3.95) is significantly higher than the control group mean score (3.00). The mean outcome of labor in experimental group (13.95) is greater than the control group. Conclusion There was a significant difference in the duration of first stage of labor between the experimental and control groups. But, there was no significant difference in the overall outcome of labor between experimental and control groups. There was no significant association between intensity of labor pain with selected demographic variables. This may be because of small sample size. How to cite this article Savitha V, Nayak S, Paul S. Effect of Ambulation during First Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Outcome of Labor among the Primigravida Mothers in a Selected Hospital, Mangalore. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1):1-3.

Background and Aims: Fencing is a complex sport that highly depends on technique and physical fitness, mainly through the interaction of abilities such as precision, speed, agility, and quick reaction, which significantly impact competitive performance. However, current training methods and approaches for youth fencers still face limitations, including insufficient emphasis on physical training, incomplete understanding of athletes' physical and mental development patterns, and a lack of innovative training methods. These limitations may adversely affect the long-term development of athletes. Therefore, this study aims to develop an ASAQ training program that integrates precision with speed, agility, and quick reaction (SAQ) training to enhance youth fencers' technical skills and physical fitness, thereby improving their competitive performance. Specific objectives include) To conduct an experimental study on the developed program and compare the effectiveness between the experimental group and the control group in terms of physical fitness and fencing skills.2) To compare the effectiveness of the ASAQ training program in improving specific performance aspects of athletes through data analysis, particularly in enhancing lunge accuracy, speed, and reaction times. Methodology: The study sample consisted of 62 young athletes from the Guangzhou Fencing Team, including 35 males (56.45%) and 27 females (43.55%); based on the scores from basic fencing techniques and physical fitness tests, athletes were sequentially numbered from 1 to 62 in descending order of their scores. They were then divided into two groups using systematic sampling: then drawn into the experimental group (n=31) and the control group (n=31). Research tools consisted of the training program, validated at.95 (.60-1.00), an interview form, a physical fitness test, a fencing skill test, and a program evaluation questionnaire. The experiment was operated thrice a week, two hours a day, for eight weeks. The training was conducted thrice weekly, two hours per session, over eight weeks. Data were collected at the pre-test, mid-test, and post-test for fencing skills and at the pre-test and post-test for physical fitness. The experimental and control group’s fencing of skill data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and post hoc with LSD. Comparisons of physical fitness between the experimental and control groups at pre-test and post-test were made using independent t-tests. Results： ASAQ training significantly improves the basic skills of young fencers, particularly in precise target attack techniques, footwork speed, lunges, and quick responses during offense and defense. The experimental group outperformed the control group in three physical performance metrics: 15 meters Obstacle Sprint, Jump Ropes in One Minute, and Standing long jump. This showed that the ASAQ training improved speed, agility, coordination, balance, and lower body explosiveness, enhancing fencers' short-distance movement, quick directional changes, and explosive attacks during training and competitions. Conclusion: The findings were as follows: 1) ASAQ could significantly improve the accuracy of target-hitting attack techniques, fencing footwork speed, lunges, and quick reactions during offense and defense of young fencers. It also showed significant improvements in physical qualities such as speed, agility, coordination balance, quick reactions, and lower limb explosive power. 2) The experimental group's post-test was significantly higher than the control group's at.05 on physical fitness and fencing skills. 3) The final interview of experts unanimously affirmed the ASAQ training method's effectiveness in enhancing young fencers' competitive performance. It recognized the practical value of the ASAQ training method. Future studies could integrate objective data such as physiological and biochemical indicators and athletic performance, utilizing scientific tools and equipment like GPS sports tracking systems and other wearable devices for training monitoring to enhance the accuracy of the results.

Actuality. The technical training of junior footballers in an annual training cycle is a very relevant and important topic in their development. This process is based on combining the technical learning of football fundamentals with the development of the physical and mental skills necessary to become successful players. Thus, the annual training of junior footballers is an integral component of any system of training sportsmen, subject to appropriate laws, including the orientation towards the highest achievements. Specialists in the field dealt with the problem of improving the technical training of junior football players, but still there is an insufficiency of works dedicated to improving the technical training process of 13-14 year old junior football players at the stage of pre-competitive preparation. The purpose of the research consists in the elaboration and experimental substantiation of the technical training methodology within an annual cycle of pre-competitive training, considering the improvement of the sequence of techniques as well as their combination with the advanced training of 13-14-year-old footballers. Methods of research used to achieve the proposed purpose are: 1. The bibliographic study method; 2. Questionnaire method; 3. Observation method; 4. Testing method; 5. Methods of mathematical statistics. Findings and Results. For the experiment, 22 junior football players from the Specialized Football Sports School No. 2 from Chisinau (experimental group) were selected. Also, 22 juniors from IP LT "Ion Creangă" from Chisinau (control group) were tested. The experiment lasted for 1 year, from September 2022 to May 2023. After the experiment was completed, children in both groups were tested repeatedly. The experimental group was subjected to a special training program, with methods and means specific to technical training. The control group was trained according to the curriculum for secondary school classes. The development of the methodology for the technical preparation of the experimental group, at various stages of the annual training, took into consideration the results of the preliminary study regarding the competitive activity of the junior footballers. The most common mistakes that arose in combining techniques such as dribbling - pass, dribbling - shot, pass - reception, heading play, feints - pass, and throwing the ball from the sideline were also taken into account. The particularity of the applied method consists in the development of instructional blocks for technical training through the implementation of: training blocks for junior football players to master the following techniques: passing, dribbling, tackling, deceptive movement, receiving, shielding, shooting, throwing the ball from the sideline; training blocks for the development of psychomotor qualities; outdoor games to reinforce the techniques and their integration; outdoor games to strengthen the techniques and develop physical qualities. In the conditions of the pedagogical experiment, it was established that there is a statistical interconnection between the results of technical training and physical qualities at a weak level (r=0.32-0.48, р <0.05), moderate level (r=0.50-0.69, р <0.01), and strong level (r=0.70-0.86, р <0.01). It was found that in the experimental group, the technical level of the game is higher than in the control group, as evidenced by the calculated Student's t-test (t=5.810-11.222), indicating the effectiveness of applying training blocks in technical preparation. The research results of the control and experimental groups (with р<0.05-0.001) confirm statistically significant differences between the indicators of technical preparation. Furthermore, it is important to mention that in the experimental group, not only the time and qualitative indicators have been improved, but also the execution of technical procedures became of better quality compared to the control group. During the experiment, our goal was to eliminate errors within the experimental group, and thus, a combination of group and individual approaches was applied when teaching technical procedures and their combinations. As a result of the conducted experiment, it could be affirmed that effective methods are those that are structurally similar to competitive exercises, simulating the level of muscular tension and the movement structure required for competition tasks during their execution. In the control group, sequential error correction was not performed, and for this reason, errors were not eliminated. Apart from training deficiencies, there could also be reasons such as errors in teaching the methods of performing technical procedures, methodical mistakes in the training process, development of inadequate skills, uncertainty and anxiety in performing technical procedures, and delayed transition from one procedure to another. In the experimental group, the training methodology had a positive impact, significantly influencing the effectiveness of the executed technical procedures. As a result, the percentage of errors in the final testing decreased from 62% to 32% in the experimental group, while in the control group, it decreased from 63% to 58%. Errors are natural in the process of training technical procedures. Observing these errors and addressing their causes greatly determine the efficiency of training technical procedures in the football game. Conclusions. The research results demonstrate that the development of technical procedures in training was improved due to the correct consistency of training, appropriate warm-up exercises, and the development of movement skills necessary for performing technical procedures. All these factors facilitated the acceleration and quality conduct of the training and refinement process of junior football players' technical elements in training. Thus, the obtained results confirm the effectiveness of the developed method for junior football players, to the extent that the effectiveness of their subsequent football activities depends on the level of technical procedure preparation and their ability to continuously perform these procedures.

The current literature has shown how working on coordination and agility produces effects on specific aspects in team sports. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a ten-week coordination training program applied to soccer on different tests that evaluate speed (30 m speed test), agility (Illinois Agility Test (IAT)) and lower body strength (countermovement jump (CMJ)). Forty U16 male soccer players from two nonprofessional teams (twenty in the control group (CG) (aged = 14.70 ± 0.47, body weight = 60.15 ± 8.07 kg, height = 1.71 ± 0.06 m) and twenty in the experimental group (EG) (aged = 14.50 ± 0.51, body weight = 58.08 ± 9.78 kg, height = 1.69 ± 0.06 m)) performed a combined coordination and agility program during 10 min every training day (3 days a week) for 10 weeks. The results of this study showed that coordination training produced adaptations in the power (CMJ of EG (p = 0.001)) and agility capacities (IAT of EG (p = 0.002)) of young soccer players, but not on speed performance at longer distances (CG, p = 0.20 and EG, p = 0.09). Despite the benefits of the training program, a combination of training methods that includes power, agility, speed, and strength can enhance such improvements.