Abstract
In the present work, we synthesized CoxZn1-xFe2O4 spinel ferrite nanoparticles (x= 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4) via the precipitation and hydrothermal-joint method. Structural parameters were cross-verified using X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and electron microscopy-based techniques. The magnetic parameters were determined by means of vibrating sample magnetometry. The as-synthesized CoxZn1-xFe2O4 nanoparticles exhibit high phase purity with a single-phase cubic spinel-type structure of Zn-ferrite. The microstructural parameters of the samples were estimated by XRD line profile analysis using the Williamson–Hall approach. The calculated grain sizes from XRPD analysis for the synthesized samples ranged from 8.3 to 11.4 nm. The electron microscopy analysis revealed that the constituents of all powder samples are spherical nanoparticles with proportions highly dependent on the Co doping ratio. The CoxZn1-xFe2O4 spinel ferrite system exhibits paramagnetic, superparamagnetic and weak ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature depending on the Co2+ doping ratio, while ferromagnetic ordering with a clear hysteresis loop is observed at low temperatures (5K). We concluded that replacing Zn2+ ions with Co2+ ions changes both the structural and magnetic properties of ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles.
Highlights
The microstructural characterization of spinel-ferrites has been long discussed in the literature [1,2,3,4]. Such interests are justified by the potential applications of spinel-ferrites that involve spintronic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), gas sensors, magnetic recording, medical diagnostics, antibacterial agents and self-controlled magnetic hyperthermia [5,6,7,8]
On comparing the FC–Zero field-cooled (ZFC) data and hysteresis curves data of our samples under study, we found that, below blocking temperature, the field-dependent magnetization of the Co_(0, 1, 2, 3 and 4) samples show the formation of pronounced hysteresis loops and behaves as ferromagnetic material
CoxZn1-xFe2O4 spinal ferrite nanoparticles with different Co2+ ratios were successfully synthesized via the precipitation and hydrothermal method
Summary
The microstructural characterization of spinel-ferrites has been long discussed in the literature [1,2,3,4]. This research group observed that the crystalline size decreased from 41 nm to 19 nm as the Co2+ content increased from x = 0.0 to x = 1.0 They reported a ferromagnetic order at room temperature for all samples with an improvement in coercivity and saturation magnetization by increasing the concentration of Co2+ in the host structure. These results contradict other findings obtained by Gomea-Polo et al [29], who investigated the same nanoferrite system prepared by the co-precipitation method. We studied the influence of various Co+2 doping ratios on the structure and magnetic properties of ZnFe2O4 nanomaterial and the corresponding interactions between the Fe3+ and Co2+ ions during the evolution process
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