Impact of Climate Change on Faunal and Floral Diversity in Different Geographical Regions of Punjab

Abstract

The present study was carried in different geographical regions of Punjab with the aim to evaluate the impact of climate change on the faunal and floral diversity. A multistage random sampling design was followed to select the study area. Species richness, evenness, Simpson index, Shannon-Wiener index, Index of dominance, Similarity and dissimilarity index were calculated. Comparative performance of different species in different locations was studied in term of present and past status. The number of forest tree species in Hoshiarpur, Ludhiana and Bathinda did not show any change in forest tree species and remain same without any change in bio-diversity index. The number of fruit tree species has been increased comparatively in all three localities. The number of bird’s species has been decreased comparatively in all three localities due to change in climatic condition, whereas, incremental changes were recorded in number of individuals of animals, however number of species is remained unchanged. The number of wild species has been decreased comparatively in all three localities. Ecological indices revealed that diversity index, species richness and evenness index were increased in all three localities; however, Index of Dominance was reduced.