Abstract
From the Global Historical Climate Network (GHCN-V3), monthly mean summer (DJF) temperature (1856-2012) and total precipitation (1861-2012) are analyzed in correlation with four climate modes and sunspot number to better understand the role of teleconnections on Buenos Aires’ (Argentina) climate. A general increase in temperature and precipitation was observed. Temperature has increased by about 1.8°C and precipitation has increased by about 300 mm in the past century and a half. Indices of Arctic Oscillation (AO), Pacific North American (PNA), Antarctic Oscillation (AAO), and El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) are evaluated to study their effects on wheat and corn production and export. AO and PNA show strong relationships with precipitation and temperature received. AAO and ENSO show strong negative correlations with precipitation patterns and weak correlations with temperature. Sunspot Number shows a positive correlation with temperature. ENSO phases are strongly linked with the wheat and corn production and export; during El Nino Buenos Aires tends to experience extremely wet summer weather, causing soggy fields and extremely dry summer weather during La Nina causing drought. Both of these conditions result in reducing wheat and corn production and export.
Highlights
Buenos Aires, Argentina is located at 34.6 ̊ south latitude and at 58.5 ̊ west longitude
Because of its location in the southern hemisphere, Buenos Aires’s seasons are opposite of those from the northern hemisphere; summer is in December, January and February (DJF), winter is during June, July and August (JJA), spring is in September, October and November (SON) and autumn is during the months of March, April and May (MAM)
Average temperature and total precipitation data for Buenos Aires are obtained from the Global Historical Climate Network (GHCN-V3)
Summary
Buenos Aires, Argentina is located at 34.6 ̊ south latitude and at 58.5 ̊ west longitude. This paper examines the effect of four teleconnections and sunspot number on the summer temperature and precipitation of Buenos Aires. ENSO is a large-scale interaction between the ocean and the atmosphere It is measured using the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) where large negative SOI values represent El Niño, ocean warming, and large SOI positive values represent La Niña, ocean cooling [6] [7]. There is some work done around Buenos Aires, for example, in Chile, Las Pampas, Southern Brazil, Peru and the Andes Mountains regarding temperature and precipitation patterns, but little work is dedicated with the focus of the effect of teleconnections on Buenos Aires, Argentina, and how the ENSO phases influences the production and exporting of wheat and corn.
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Free) 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
