Impact of cardiovascular disease on in-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> The relative association between cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in COVID-19 remains unclear. <b>Aim:</b> to evaluate the relationship of CVD with in-hospital death among hospitalized patients with Covid-19. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> retrospective cohort study included hospitalized patients aged ≥ 18&nbsp;years with confirmed COVID-19 between October and December 2021 in Single COVID -19 department of UMHAT “Alexandrovska”. Demographic, clinical and outcome (in-hospital mortality) data were obtained from medical records. All CVD comorbidites were recorded. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to quantify the risk and predictors of in-hospital mortality from COVID-19 in patients with these comorbidities. <b>Results:</b> 165 patients with a mean age of 64.6±15 of whom 44.8% were men were included. In-hospital mortality was 20%. The presence of CVD was associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Mortality risk was higher in patients having hypertension (28.7% vs. 8.7%, p&lt;0.05), coronary artery disease (27.0% vs. 6.5%, p&lt;0.001), previous ischemic stroke (8.1% vs. 1.6%, p&lt; 0.05), valvular heart diasease (16.2% vs. 4.1%), chronic heart failure (29.7% vs. 4.0%, p&lt;0.001).&nbsp;Significant predictors of mortality from COVID-19 in patients with CVD were three vessel disease (HR: 2.04; 95% CI 1.42-9.82, p&lt;0.05), previous percutaneous coronary intervention (HR: 5.0; 95% CI 2.05-8.56, p&lt;0.05), systolic dysfunction (HR: 5.4; 95% CI 1.85-15.76, p&lt;0.05) and advanced heart failure NYHA III-IV (HR: 2.62; 95% CI 1.55-4.78, p&lt;0.001). <b>Conclusion:</b> COVID-19 patients with CVD comorbidites have a higher risk of in-hospital death. Optimal care and good control of CVD are essential in this patient group.