Abstract
The use of biodiesel fuel in compression ignition engines has the potential to reduce CO2, which can lead to a reduction in global warming and environmental hazards. Biodiesel is an attractive fuel, as it is made from renewable resources. Many studies have been conducted to assess the impact of biodiesel use on engine performances. Most of them were carried out in positive temperature conditions. A major drawback associated with the use of biodiesel, however, is its poor cold flow properties, which have a direct influence on the cold starting performance of the engine. Since diesel engine behavior at negative temperatures is an important quality criterion of the engine’s operation, one goal of this paper is to assess the starting performance at −20 °C of a common automotive compression ignition engine, fueled with different blends of fossil diesel fuel and biodiesel. Results showed that increasing the biodiesel blend ratio generated a great deterioration in engine startability. Another goal of this study was to determine the biodiesel blend ratio limit at which the engine would not start at −20 °C and, subsequently, to investigate the impact of Di-Ethyl-Ether (DEE) injection into the intake duct on the engine’s startability, which was found to be recovered.
Highlights
Statistics from the European Commission (EC) highlight that the road transport sector is dominated by oil, which has proven reserves that are expected to last around 40 more years [3]
In 2010, in the European Union (EU), 94% of energy consumption in the road transport sector came from oil, 84% of which was imported
Biofuels have acquired a real status as complementary fuels to petroleum fuels
Summary
2011), which is essential for continued European prosperity It provides the means of transport for the large majority of passenger and freight movements. (1) concerns about greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and global climate change; (2) a desire for renewable/sustainable energy sources; and (3) an interest in developing domestic and more secure fuel supplies, in other words, energy security. These issues have led to intense debate within international organizations and among political leaders on the impacts of the increased use of biofuel [2].
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